Islamic Economy

ISLAMIC ECONOMY

PREFACE

SUFISM IS THE ESSENCE - KERNEL- OF RELIGION

As it is known, every scholar has interpreted religion according to himself, from his point of view. The problem is to choose the most proper one for the essence of religion. Religious interpretation of the Sufis is the most appropriate for Islam because Sufism is the teaching of the essence of religion. It is not interested in the exterior aspects, rules and canonical laws, shortly in details. Sufism tries to teach Allah, Nature, Man and the realities of them. The beauty, order and wisdom in nature are the reflections of Allah on the nature. Nature is the work of Allah and Man is the greatest work of Him, because he is consisted of a body and Spirit (Mind). He is the most superior of all the worlds because he is the synthesis of the inner and outer worlds. Sufis try to live this knowledge, order, wisdom and beauties in nature and see the physical and spiritual beauties in human and learn the divine realities of them.

“He who knows himself (his essence) knows God.”

Briefly, Sufism is the Knowledge of Allah, Wisdom and Love. Sufis know that Allah is the essence of Man (Human) and nature. This is infinite knowledge and wisdom. To know the Absolute Existence is to fall in love with this Absolute Beauty. Sufism does not deal with the Canonical Law and Jurisprudence. It does not care about the Catechism except enough knowledge for performing the worship. Shariat (Law) and Tariqat (Way) are not his aims or objectives and they are not the essential but only the details, symbols and ways.

“A Sufi looks for Allah, who has encompassed both the Earth and the Heavens and who is the infinite knowledge, beauty and energy, in human and in his heart.”

Again, a Sufi would like to learn wisdom (True Knowledge) and divine reality through deep contemplation and to love the Divine Beauty (the Absolute Beauty) through the beauties of human and nature, that is to say, he tries to acquire real love by metaphorical love.

The result of this is good moral qualities and honesty, which means to consider the benefits of the society more than his own benefits and to be realistic and sincere by abstaining completely from hypocrisy. It is to struggle against his own carnal self and desires but not of the others’, leaving all kinds of fights, arguments, temptations, corruption and intrigue. It is to be merciful, generous and be pleased with the little in this life and also to oppose violence and terror.

A real Sufi is against formal (disguise) Islam. He does not pay any importance to Madrasa, Tekke (convent) and Mascid (places of worship). He finds reality in himself and seeks Allah in his heart. His place of worship is his heart because the real tekke and mascid (mosque) is the Heart. The most important thing for the heart is the Remembrance (Ziqr) and the Love of Allah (the Remembrance of the heart and the love of the heart). This is not an external remembrance or physical love.

It is deep contemplation (thinking), remembrance (to remember Allah and never forget Him) and more importantly, to love God, the Perfect Man (Adam), who is the great and mysterious work of Him, his children and nature.

It is to become mature while being immature and to reach divine perfection. All the Sufis have explained it in this way. This humble servant (fakir) has already explained Sufism in details in the books we have written so far, such as: “Varlık (Existence), İslâm’ da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (The Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending)”, “Muhammed-İsa-Adem (Muhammad-Jesus-Adam)” and in others. Yunus Emre and Sayyid Ahmed er Rufai Hz. also summarized Sufism, which is a divine sea, as follows:

Yunus: “Shariat and Tariqat is a way for the one who reaches them.

Marifat (Divine Wisdom) and Hakiqat (Divine Reality) are in the heart.”

And Sayyid Ahmed er Rufai Hz. said:

“The heart of a Sufi is lighted with love,

His spiritual heart is broad (comforted).

With the Divine Light of Gnosis”

(His bosom is not depressive)

We believe in these two precepts and try to find them.

See what the Sufi Poet Neyzen Tevfik said about this subject:

“Sufism stands up to ignorance in Islam

Forget about Rafizi, Alawi, Sunni, all of them

Take offence at all of them,

Mecca, Medina, Karbala, Jerusalem

Their meaning in appearance is ornamentation

I do not care for Masjid, Madrasa, Monastery, and Church, Vatican…”

(*) Poet Neyzen Tevfik meant to say that the striking appearance of these rituals is ornamentation. However, he indicates that he is respectful to the real meanings of these places.

                                                           March 10th, 2000 Alanya

                                                   KAZIM YARDIMCI (1936-Adıyaman)

Sources: “Yunus Divanı”, “Onların Alemi” by Sayyid Ahmed er Rufai, 25th hadith

INTRODUCTION

Islamic Economy is not communist and liberal economy but it is a third economical system special to itself.

It is obvious that communist and liberal economies are not fair or just systems as they are proved to be not providing happiness for humanity.

The third economy system that will make people happy and provide them easy circumstances is Islamic Economy, which is a third system.

We hope that our readers that will read this book carefully and impartially will notice this reality.

“The generosity of sirs is over

What they ride are the Arabian Horses

(today they are Mercedes cars)

What they eat is the human flesh

What they drink is the blood.”

By Yunus Emre

This book is consisted of the Chapters from the Books of KAZIM YARDIMCI called “VARLIK-EXISTENCE”, “INSANDA YÜKSELME-ASCENSION IN MAN” and “MUHAMMED ISA ADEM - MUHAMMAD JESUS ADAM”. It is not a separate different book. The subjects have already been written in these books.

THE RESPECT FOR THE KORAN

The Glorious Koran is also the Holy Book of God like the Tawrat (Torah), Zabur (Pentateuch), and Injil (the Bible). It is the Decree and Knowledge of God. It is the Word of God, which is the Knowledge of God.

The word belongs to God so He says: When the Koran is recited, listen to it in silence!” It means: “I am speaking, you must not speak!” (1)

When God speaks, others must listen to Him because the word belongs to Allah. We cannot know what God knows. God says in the Koran: “The unbelievers do not prostrate themselves before it when it is recited.” (2) He means to say: “They do not respect it, they are proud of themselves and they like their own minds.”

Respecting the Koran means to listen to it respectfully, to understand it and to obey its requirements, not to obey your own way.

The Koran should also be kept in a high and clean place. When it is recited, the name of God will be remembered and it will be held at the level of your breast.

The most important thing to do is to learn it very well. The commands of God will be learnt and you will behave in accordance with it. You should not do the actions that are forbidden by the Koran disrespectfully and carelessly after you kneel down while it is recited.

You should not betray it. Muslims will know that the Koran is more valuable than his own life and so he will die for it without hesitation if it is needed, for it is the last Book of God, which enlightens mankind, teaches the unknown and reflects very high and holy realities.

Tawrat, Zabur and Injil are also the holy Books of God. Muslims must respect them too. Yet, Tawrat, Zabur and Injil are in the Koran.

We, the Muslims believe in, love and respect the Holy Books and the Prophets of Israelities (a.s.).

The Religion of God is only one (3) and it is Islam.

“Inneddine indallahi’l İslam-The only true faith in God’s sight is Islam. (to accept the truth)” (The Imrans, 19)

The God also says in the Koran: “Dinillah-The Religion of Allah”

(The Imrans, 83)

He does not say the Religion of Jesus, the Religion of Moses, the Religion of Abraham, the Religion of Muhammad, the Religion of Ishmael and the Religion of Noah.

Then, the Religion of God is only one.

There cannot be other religions. The Prophets mentioned above are charged with duty, holy, scholar personalities who explain and serve the Religion of God.

“Vela tücadilu ehle’l kitabi illa billeti hiye ahsen.” (Ankabut, 46)

In this verse above, God orders us to be courteous when we argue with the People of the Book, except with those among them who do evil.

Hz. Muhammad (A.S.V) did not bring a new religion. What was revealed to the Prophets like to Abraham (A.S), to Ishmael (A.S), to Moses (A.S), to David (A.S), to Jesus (A.S) was also revealed to him.

Hz. Muhammad (A.S.V) comes from Abraham (A.S) and we Muslims know ourselves as the “Nation of Abraham”. (4) The God of Abraham was the sole God and He was Allah, who was the sole God of the Universe.

Hz. Muhammad (A.S) invited, called those who were polytheists and who denied God to believe in the Oneness of God and to behave according to the commands of God like the other Prophets- Hz. Abraham, Ishmael, Moses, David and Jesus (a.s.) and he was very successful in this. In a very short time, by means of him, by the help of Hz. Muhammad (a.s.) more than 100 million Arabs, who worshipped stone idols, more than 100 million Turks, who worshipped the gods of Sky and Earth, more than 200 million Indians, who worshipped Buddha, cows and the River Ganges, more than 30 million Iranians, who worshipped fire, more than 10 million Kurds, who worshipped Stars, the Berberis (5), who worshipped idols, more than 200 million totemic Chinese and the people who lived in the Philippines believed in the Sole God, Hz. Abraham (a.s), Ishmael (a.s), Hz. Isaac (a.s), Gabriel, Michael, Israfel and all the Angels together with Azrael, Spirit, the Heavens and the Hell, the Metaphysical World and all the Prophets- Jacob, Joseph, Moses, David Jesus (a.s.)- and the Holy Books revealed to them: Tawrat, Zabur, Injil and Zachariah, John the Baptist, Job, Noah, Sheet and Adam. (May peace be upon them!)

They believed that killing a person was the greatest sin except defending yourself against an attack. They did not accept adultery, alcohol, exploiting people, raid, laziness and pollution as a good action. They accepted that caring for neighbors, the respect for the others’ opinions and human rights and also taking care of weak people were all good behaviors.

They taught humanity through the commands of the Koran.

Had the Prophets of the Israelities not done the same thing? Did they not call the people to the Unity of God, to the Path of the Prophet Abraham, to Gabriel, to Spirituality and to goodness? Was their service not for the Prophet Abraham?

Was what the Prophet Muhammad (a.s.) had done - teaching the Unity of God, the Prophet Abraham (a.s.), Gabriel, Michael and showing them the right path- not the duty of the Prophets of the Israelities and of the priests and rabbis, who were the representatives of them?

What they could not succeed in two thousand years after the Prophet Abraham (a.s.) was succeeded by Hz. Muhammad (a.s.), who was from Hecaz, who came from the descendants of Abraham and by his four faithful friends: Hz. AbuBaqir, Hz. Omar, Hz. Osman and Hz. Ali in 53 years.

In this situation, although the People of the Book should be pleased with him, they deny him.

In 53 years, many nations were enabled to believe in the Unity of God, Hz. Abraham (a.s.), the Prophets of the Israeilities, the Holy Books of God (the New Testament, the Old Testament), Gabriel, Michael and the Next World. A person who was not a Prophet of Allah cannot succeed in 53 years what the Israelities, the People of Tawrat and Injil and a hundred thousand priests had not done in 2000 years.

In fact, the People of Book and the People of the Koran is “the Nation of Abraham”. There is no strict distinction between us.

We accept the People of the Book but they deny us meaninglessly.

Although they should have thanked Hz. Muhammad (A.S.V) who made so many people believe in Hz. Abraham, they make materialists and atheists happy by their antagonism.

When they find nothing to deceive Christian people, they put forward the polygamy of the Prophet (a.s.v.). As it is told above, he did a lot of service for the Prophet of Abraham (a.s.). How could these be denied?

Today, nearly two billon people believed in the Oneness of God, the Prophet Abraham (a.s.), the Prophets of Israelities (May peace be upon them!), Gabriel, Michael, the next world and the New Testament and the Old Testament by means of H. Muhammad (a.s.). Or else, only one billion Christian would have believed what I had said so far.

Tawrat, Zabur and Injil are the Holy Books that can be found very easily if you want to search. Are there any verses on any pages of these Holy Books that say you can marry only one woman or you cannot marry more women?

Hz. Abraham (a.s.), Hz. David (a.s.), Hz. Solomon, Job, Jacob (a.s.) married to a lot of women. They do not fall in Prophecy because of their polygamy but why is our Prophet criticized?

There are also some certain conditions and customs of each time. The Prophets are also human beings.

God created women. This is a gift bestowed by Allah on His servants. In Arabia, females attain the age of puberty at 9 or 10. They become old when they are about 30. In Europe, they reach the puberty age at 18 -22 and they can be pregnant until they are 60-70 years old.

The Prophets of Israelities (a.s.) and Hz. Jesus (a.s.) neither had forbidden polygamy nor they had restricted it but our Prophet put a limit to it. The Koran has forbidden marrying more than four women. (6) Our Prophet had also spent the prime time of his youth with a 40 year old widow for 28 years. The women, whom he had married after her, were widows or ordinary women. He married some of them for political reasons.

To sum up, Hz. Muhammad did not bring a new religion; he served Hz. Abraham (a.s.). Hz. Moses (a.s.), Hz. David (a.s.), Hz. Jesus (a.s.) also served Hz. Abraham (a.s.).

All the nations, 800 million people altogether accepted the Sole God, the Prophet Abraham and Gabriel by means of Hz. Muhammad (a.s.)! Reality is obvious like the Sun. The Christian priests who do not agree with this reality will be like the Jews (those that cover the truth) who deny Hz. Jesus (a.s.) and Injil.

For these reasons, the Koran, none of whose verses have been changed and the original of it is read everywhere in the world, which forbids killing men (except the cruel ones) and fighting against the People of the Book, that cares for the rights of the poor and weak people and teaches the best worship to God (ritual prayer and fasting); and Hz. Muhammad, the exalted Prophet, who presented it to mankind and who taught and confirmed the Unity of God, the Prophet Abraham, the Prophets of Israelities and all the Prophets, Gabriel, Michael and the Angels, Spirit, the Heavens and the Hell, will certainly be loved and respected very much.

Greetings to Hz. Muhammad, Abraham, Adam, Noah, Ishmael, Isaac, Moses, David; to the Prophets of Israelities…

Greetings to all the Prophets…

Greetings to the Oneness of God… Greetings to all the Prophets and those who believe in the Four Books! (7)

It is sometimes said by the enemies of Allah, the Prophet and the Koran: in one word by the enemies of Islam that some verses of the Glorious Koran were changed and taken out during the Umayyad. Similar sayings were rumored by atheists in History before. They are based on some disputed matters. 1400 years ago, there were similar discussions and nonsense talks but they have no evidences. They are unproven assertions.

Our Prophet had the Koran written on leather and similar items and it was learned by heart by many people. In this way, the Koran was protected both by writing and memorizing.

After our Prophet, during Hz. Abu Baqir, these written documents were written in the form of a book and a council was formed about this. Hz. Ali had worked in this council for a year. The people that learned the Koran by heart gathered and the written texts were compared with them to make sure that the verses were correct. Hz. Abu Baqir transferred this matter to the charge of Hz. Ali. They were confirmed by him after the necessary checking were done carefully and closely. Later, Hz. Osman made the Koran a book consisted of 30 volumes. This is the same Koran we have now. (8)

Some suspicious expressions were used about the Koran from time to time by some atheists, materialists and crazy people. There had been such insane people for 1400 years. It was rumored that during the Umayyad, some verses were changed. The Umayyad are the enemies of Ahl al Bayt and Hz. Ali (k.v). As for this, the Umayyad would have taken out the verses about Ahl al Bayt if they had been able to change it. For example Ahzab, 33:

“Allah willed to remove all kinds of uncleanness from you Ahla-l Bait and He purified you.”

Yasin, 6-7-8-9-10 (especially these verses):

“6- So that you may forewarn a nation who because their fathers were not warned before them. 7- For most of them the Word has been decreed, now that they do not believe! 8-We have bound their necks with chains of iron reaching up to their chins so that they cannot bow their heads. 9- We have put barriers before them and behind them and covered them over so that they cannot see. 10- It is the same whether or not you forewarn them, they will never have faith.”

Shura, 23:

“(Say O Muhammad!) For this, I demand of you no recompense. I ask you only to love My Ahl al Bayt - My relatives.”

The Chapter called “İnsan” is about Hz. Ali and Ahl al Bayt. Chapter Mumtahine, verses 7-8-9 are about the state of the influential people of Mecca. Chapter Sajda, verses 28-29-30 indicates clearly that the faith of those who had faith on the Conquest Day of Mecca will not be accepted.

The claim that the Umayyads changed the Koran is not correct. That is to say: Umayyads were the fervent opponents and enemies of Ahl al Bait, Hz. Ali and his Children. Provided that the Umayyads had changed the Koran, firstly, they would have changed or taken out the verses in which Allah praised Ahl al Bait. They are: the first page of Yasin, Mumtahine, 7-8-9 and the last verses of Sajda.

Mumtahine, 7-8-9:

7- God may put love- good will- between you and those with whom you are enemies. God is mighty. God is forgiving and merciful. 8- Allah does not forbid you to be kind and equitable to those who have neither made war on your Religion nor driven you from your homes because Allah loves the equitable. 9- Allah forbids you to make friends with those who have fought against you on account of your religion and driven you from your homes or abetted others to do so. Those who make friends with them are wrongdoers.”

Sajda, 28-29-30:

28-“They ask “When is the Conquest Day, if what you say be true? 29-Say: On the Day of Judgement, the faith of unbelievers will not avail them, nor shall they be reprieved. 30-Therefore, give no heed to them and wait as they are waiting.”

These verses confirm that the faith of those who had faith on the Conquest Day will not be accepted and they are: sufyanies and umayyads.

If the Umayyads had been able to change the Koran, they would have changed the above verses and taken out the verses that are against the family of Sufyan and Umayyads. Muslims, who were spread in a wide area from Yemen to Taurus Mountains, from India to Tunis had the Koran in their hands during the Four Caliphs. It was impossible to collect and change the Koran one by one, which was spread around a wide area, by the Umayyads. Umayyads had already thought about it but they were not able to do it as they were guilty of Sıffin and Karbala Battles. Those crazy people do not give up spreading rumours to confuse people’s minds even though the reality is as we have explained.

The eight Ahl al Bayt Imams after Hz. Zaynal Abidin lived during Abbasids and they did not report anything that Umayyads had changed some of the verses of the Koran.

In addition to this, there were very brave, independent religious personalities in history, who were not afraid of death such as: Hasan al Basri, Maruf-u Karhi, Junayd-i Baghdadi, Bayazid-i Bistami, Hallaci Mansur, Sayyid Abdulqadir Geylani, Sayyid Ahmad-ar Rufai, Sayyid Ahmad Bedevi, Sayyid İbrahim Dusuki, Yusuf-u Hamedani, Muhammad Bahaeddin-i Naqshibendi, Ahmad Yesevi, Hadji Baktash Veli, Mavlana Jalaleddin Rumi, Hadji Bairam Veli and also Ishak Dede, Pir Sultan Abdal, Yunus Emre, who were the Friends of God from Anatolia.. None of them said such a thing!

None of the expounders of the 4 great sects (Hanafi, Shafii, Maliki, Hambely) said anything about this. It is impossible to meet such a saying in the works of Islam philosophers like İbn-i Sina, Kindi, Farabi and Ghazzali.

Those ignorant people who say that some of the verses of the Koran have changed also admit that they do not believe in Allah, the Prophet, Ahl al Bayt and the Friends of God. There are Jewish and Christian missionaries behind them.

It is also said that Ibn-i Abbas had a Koran, then where is this Book? They must show it and prove their claims. Who was İbn-i Abbas?

He was the son of our Prophet’s uncle (his cousin). He acquired the knowledge from Ahl al Bait, from Hz. Ali and especially from Mother Ummu Seleme, who was one of our Prophet’s wives. İbn-i Abbas was a very exalted person. He was one of the great men of the Companions of the Prophet. He had supported Hz. Ali everywhere and every time. He acquired Divine knowledge from him. He was one of the governors of Hz. Ali. He fought against the Umayyads near Hz. Ali in all the battles (in Siffin and Camel Battles). He was one of the 17 brave people (kemerbest). The Shiites love and defend İbn-i Abbas very much. The rumor that İbn-i Abbas had a different Koran volume is an unproven assertion. If there had been a Koran like mentioned, the Shiites would have found and showed it. All the Shiites love Hz. İbn-i Abbas very much because he was our Prophet’s uncle’s son, one of the seventeen brave personalities and owned a very high spiritual rank.

The Koran the People of Sunnat read is the same Koran. Those, who say that the Koran the Shiites had was changed, are the enemies of religion, they are crazy groups and materialists. They say this purposely to confuse minds. There are finance companies, Buddhists, some Christians, and gangs and universal dark powers behind them.

They are nonsense, unproven assertions and claims like the book called as Verses of Devil.

The confusion caused by a few crazy, psychopath people every now then is to serve the path of Devil. These nonsense, foolish talks make the enemies of Islam happy. The atheists, materialists, Magians (fire worshippers) and some Christians, who are behind them, have been using them as a tool for their selfish purposes.

It is known that the Koran during Abbasids is the same Koran that came from Hz. Muhammad’s time.

The Islamic world, which is consisted of two big groups (1/3 Shiites, 2/3 The People of Sunnat), agree upon that the present Koran is the same as the Koran that Hz. Muhammad had it written, although they have been in conflict more or less in every matter. When we mention the Shiites, you should not remember only the Iranian Farisis, there are Shiites in Afghanistan, in Pakistan, in Turki Governments, in India, in Bangladesh, in Singapore, in Malaysia, in Indonesia, in Azerbaijan and in Turkey. The whole Yemen is Shiites, they are Zaydis. 60 percent of Iraq, one third of Syria are Shiites. There are Shiites in Kuwait, Gulf States, Libya and Egypt. Half of the Lebanon is the Shiites. There are only 35-40 million Shiites in Iran whereas the number of Shiites in the world is over 250 million such as Jafaris, İsmailis and Zaydis.

The Koran which Ibn-i Abbas and Ahl al Bait had and the Koran the Shiites and the Sunnis have are the same Koran. The eight Imams who lived after Umayyads, all the friends of God, the free, independent scholars and scientists had guarded the Koran we have now. None of the Beqtashi Fathers, Grandfathers or the great personalities said such a thing. The Zahiriye Sects like Ibn-i Taymiya, Ibn-i Hazm, İbn-i Haldun also guarded the Koran.

There is a general concurrence and agreement that the Koran is not changed. 72 sects mutually accepted and agreed that none of the letters of the Koran was changed, taken out or added. We also have some theologians who are able to disprove these nonsense assertions. We have so many proofs and evidences but what are their evidences and proofs? The claims that will never be proved. Their courage depends on only tactics. They think that if you lie, if you slander, there may be at least a trace of it.

More than one billion people cannot be insane. The Koran is true and even a letter of it has not been changed. Allah said in the Koran that He will protect the Koran Himself as a verse:

“It was We that revealed the Koran and shall Ourself preserve it” (Hijr, 9 / Fatir, 32 / Kahf, 105)

We definitely know as we know the Unity of Allah and say bravely and openheartedly that this Koran, which our Prophet had it written, is true and definite same as “La ilâhe illallah Muhammedün Resûlullah Aliyyül Veliyullah”.

It was not heard from none of the western orientalists and from none of the theologians, who search for eastern sciences, that the Koran was changed. Neither was it heard from the western scholars, Christians and the Prophets of Israelities.

The books of Anne Marie Schimmel, the latest and the greatest researcher, who is the Professor of the History of Religions, are obvious. This writer researched all the religions and Islamic Mysticism and said that the Koran was a Holy Book and it was not changed.

A great researcher Roger Graudy recently became a Muslim, he studied the Koran and defended it. Sheikh Bedreddin Simavi and Pir Sultan Abdal were also courageous Islam scholars, they also guarded this Koran.

Wise people are those who gained the dignity and honor of science-knowledge-. They also risked their lives for it.

The Friends of God from Khorasan, Baghdad, Basra and the Theological Scholars of India, it does not matter which group they were from, agreed on the Koran. All the theological scholars of the People of Sunnat, Shia, Umayyads -three big groups in Islam-, theological scholars of Shiites, theological scholars of Sunnis and theological scholars of Umayyads agreed on altogether that the Koran was not changed.

All the Anatolian Friends of God, the Friends of God from Khorasan, Baghdad, Basra and the theological scholars of Islam, no matter what their group is, defended and guarded this Koran we have now. They all agreed on that it was not changed.

Those who speak against the Koran, in spite of all these evidences, are some materialists. They declare openly that they do not believe in Allah, the Prophet, Hz. Ali and Hz. Husayn. They are atheists. Some hoarse voices are coming from some of the extreme groups. Their aim is to cause confusion.

I present this matter to the attention of My Sunni and Alawi brothers all over the world.

The sayings of such crazy people should not be taken into consideration. They are not the friends of Islam and the Koran but the enemies of them and they have no religion. They are the atheists, who do not believe in the existence of God, who cause confusion in religious costumes under the hats of some sects and who want to harm both their own sects and Islam.

___________________________________________________________

(1) See Araf, 204

(2) See Inshikak, 21

(3) See “İslamda Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending) ‘Din nedir, İman nedir?’ by Kazım Yardımcı, Anadolu Printing House, 1988, İzmir. General Distribution by Doğan Dağıtım- Malatya

(4) “The nation of Abraham is Muslims” (Al-Nisa, 125)

(5) The tribes that live in the North Africa.

(6) “You may marry women who are lawful (until) four of them. If you fear that you cannot maintain equality among them, marry one only.” (Al-Nisa, 3)

(7) See “İnsanda Yükselme (Ascension in Man)” by Kazım Yardımcı pp.110-115

(8) See the book by İsmail Hakkı on this subject.

NOT TO PLOT MISCHIEF

NOT TO CAUSE DISORDER (ANARCHY)

Mischievousness (anarchy) means to start disorder in a society and to make the water turbid. Some people are naturally anarchists and some people look like them as they spend their time together with them. They get a kind of sexual pleasure from this.

Their bosom is stressed because they have no divine light in their hearts. They are always in straits. They try to get rid of their stress by starting anarchy and disorder and they comfort themselves in this way.

What we call as militant and terrorist among anarchists are this sort of people.

There are also some big mischief-makers. They are the wicked people who want to get the control of the government and be in power to give orders and commands in the society where they live. They start anarchy systematically; although they show themselves as a reformer or renovator, they always defend disorder, action and fighting.

Yet, God said in the Koran about them:

“O Muhammad! Those who say that they do nothing but good are the people who are the real evil-doers (anarchists).”

(Al-Baqarah, 11-12)

A real reformer or renovator never says that he is a reformer. He tries to ameliorate people for the sake of Allah and nobody knows this.

Starting anarchy in the world causes disorder and provokes mischief, quarrels, brawls, fights and bloodshed in that society.

God says in several verses: “Do not corrupt the earth after it has been purged of evil!” (Al-Araf, 56)

However, Islam also commanded to resist legally and not to be humiliated before cruelty. Islam always ordered to defend the truth, the real justice and patience.

In Islam, jihad (strive, defense of the faith, holy war) is permitted against the cruel (dictator) and against those who forbid the declaration of the path of Allah and His Prophet (A.S.V.).

Jihad is also made against the enemies who attack our country by the order of the ruler or leader of the country.

“Kul etiullahe ve etiurresule ve ul’il emir minküm - Say (O Muhammad!): Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those in authority among you (the Muslim ruler of your country)!” (Al- Nisa, 59)

“He that fights -strives- fights for himself (against his carnal desires).” (Al-Ankabut, 6)

Depending on the above verses, jihad cannot be started by whoever wants. Allah advised to fight against one’s own carnal desires and to correct himself as jihad is decided by the ruler of that country. (9) The benefit of jihad is again for the person who jihads himself.

It is also commanded not to object or not to be against to the government or the rulers of the government as long as they do not ban the proclamation and transmission of the Koran and the sacred sayings of the Prophet and the performance of worship even though the government or the rulers of that country are not Muslims.

If the Book of Allah-the Glorious Koran-, the sacred sayings of the Prophet, the works and doctrines of the great Religious personalities, the interpreters of law and of Sufis are openly spoken, discussed and communicated, resisting or opposing against the leader of the country under the name jihad means only mischief making or causing anarchy because God says:

“O Muhammad! Your duty is only to give plain warning.”

(Al-Maidah-92, Al-Nur-54)

God ordered not to constrain one’s thoughts and beliefs. If the political leaders or public officials of a country forbid the reciting, translating and interpreting of the Koran, then it is the duty and the greatest worship of every Muslim to resist and to oppose against it. If he does not object to it in that case, he will be responsible for it at God’s sight. Whoever dies for the sake of this is accepted as a martyr. (Fortunately, the Koran and the Sacred Sayings of the Prophet are permitted in our country.)

Islam also ordered to resist against the cruel (dictator). Those who desire jihad in any way, apart from these, are the sadist people who have evil thoughts and who like bloodshed. Shortly, they are the mischief-makers, anarchists that support terrorism.

They do not support jihad but they provoke mischief. They cause the division of the country or nation and the invasion of the enemy by making everybody hate each other and starting a war inside the country. They make matters worse. Most of them are wicked, selfish people who worship their own benefits and who want to be in power. They are dangerous, religious fanatics and hypocrites.

As Ziya Pasha says:

“Those are the people who give orders to the world,

There are a thousand kinds of faults in their houses!” (10)

It is advised not to follow such mischief-makers and you should struggle against them violently. They are adventurous, maniac, dishonest people who do not care for the result of an event.

You must think about the mischief which was started even during Hz. Osman’s time by the mad mischief-makers like Muaviye, Marwan and Amr ibn ül As and the result of that mischief in Islam. Nobody can deny how they divided and separated such a great and true religion.

The blood of the wound carved with a dagger into the heart of Islam by these three mischief-makers mentioned above in order to be in power has not stopped yet and it is still dripping.

Muslims should take warning from this historical fact and try to strengthen our established order and country and they should try to make it better through free discussion in a humanly way instead of ruining or destroying it.

If we do not get along well with each other, our historical state weakens and (May Allah protect it!) the enemies invade it. They turn our mosques into a church or a nightclub, change the religion of our people by force and they rape our mothers and sisters in front of our eyes.

All the illegal demonstrations and actions taken against a state, which accepted democracy, are mischief and anarchy even if they are performed under the name either action or jihad. They prepare a way for terrorism.

It is a treachery and high treason towards the religion and state. God Forbid! (11)

(9) Our great Prophet (s.a.v.) said: “The real fighter is the one who fights against his carnal desires”. (From Fudale b. Ibat, Hakim; see also Ibni Habban Taberani, Thirmizi)

(10)Those who have a thousand kinds of immoral qualities in themselves want to arrange the society according to their wishes.

(11) See Ascension in Man

WHAT IS RATIONALISM? WHAT IS IT NOT?

As it is known, Descartes is the founder of Rationalism and the methodology of this field. (12)

There was only one rule in Philosophy until rationalism: To think logically. It was the rule of Aristotle's logic. According to Aristotle, Intellect and thought are based on the rule of Logic.

The main principle of Logic was: Deduction and Induction, which means either reasoning using general rules or principles to form a judgment about a particular fact or reasoning using known facts to produce general facts or principles.

In Arabic, it is called "enfüs-ü âfak" which means to prove the general principles using the individual facts or to prove each fact using all the facts.

Another name for it is in French as "Subje and obje", which means "particle (piece, fragment) and whole ".

To think logically was the only rule of Philosophy from Aristotle until Descartes.

In other words, to imprison reasoning in the Rule of Logic and to refuse any thought that is against the rule of the Aristotle's Logic even though it is scientific. For example, if a scientist found out a fact as a result of his thoughts; and if it were proved to be right in practice scientifically, it would not be accepted as a thought unless it was done according to the rule of Aristotle's Logic by the philosophers and by the supporters of the Scholastic Theology (kelâm), which is accepted as a kind of philosophy in Islam. Rationalism is very strict. The Logic of Aristotle is the rule that cannot be given up by them so everything is based on it.

(12) Rene Descartes (1596-1650): He is a famous philosopher and scientist. He claimed that in order to reach the real knowledge, one should be suspicious of everything. He summarized his ideas saying, "I think, therefore I am." Descartes accepts that the concept of God has existed in our minds since we were born just like the principles of mathematics are based on. According to him, it is impossible to comprehend and understand such an excellent Existence with the sensations of man who is not perfect. *By this way, he believes in the reality of such an Existence who has been present in our minds since we were born. (The Encyclopedia of Life, the article about Descartes)

Descartes also founded the methodology and accepted it as the basic rule of thought that means thinking systematically. He put forward the rule of analysis and synthesis instead of induction and deduction. (13) Analysis, here, means dividing something into its separate parts and synthesis is combining the separate things into a complete whole. In Arabic, it is called as "tahlil and terkib" which means combining separate parts and re-separating the combined parts.

Thus, the Philosophy, developed according to the Logic of Aristotle during the Abbasids, passed to Europe after the 12th century. The Philosophy of Systematic Reasoning of Descartes took its place after being dominant for two or three hundred years. We see that there is no difference in principles between the Logic of Aristotle and the Methodology of Descartes when we study them.

Methodical reasoning followed logical reasoning and then Rationalism started after Descartes instead of the study of Philosophy. Philosophy and Rationalism helped physical sciences in many ways: They supported experimental science, speeded up the functions of the laboratory researches and caused the rising of today's technology presented to humanity. The origin and essence of the objects and the elements of which they are consisted is learnt by analyzing matter in this way. Chemistry, Physics, Medicine, Arithmetic have developed by means of it and it is called "Positive Science" in the literature of the World's Science, which means real and definite experimental knowledge.

It is true that the Logic of Aristotle and Philosophy which was developed during the Abbasids by the Islamic philosophers and by the Scholastic theologians depending on it, and the scientific discoveries due to them as well as the Methodology of Descartes in the developing branches of Science, provided a great supplement in today's Positive Science. This is true! The main reason of the great development of today's technology is the principle called as "analysis and synthesis" and introduced by Rationalism.

However, if we use and apply the principle of "analysis and synthesis" to Mind and Philosophy, we put the intellect in the inconvenience of the laboratory experiment same as the principle of logic that belongs to “the Logic of Aristotle” forces the intellect.

(13) Rene Descartes, "Discourse de la methode" (Speech on the method)

This makes the free thought of Intellect to be limited by the strict rules of Logic and Methodology because reasoning according to Logic and Methodology and calling it as Rationalism and Logic means to inconvenience the Intellect and thought. Unfortunately, Rationalism has dominated philosophy and mind for years in Europe and “metaphysical” realities are tried to be explained according to the principles of Logic and Methodology due to it.

Yet, human mind (Intellect) can only think about and search the physical world. It is able to solve the realities of the physical world only and it has been continuing to solve them.

It is impossible for the intellect to solve the Metaphysical (Spiritual) Realities on the point of which the physical world ends. It has not solved them so far because Intellect has a capacity, a limit. It does not have the power of understanding and solving the infinity or metaphysics.

Kant, (14) who noticed this inconvenience of Intellect, started to examine particularly the intellect itself and he made a critic of it. After Kant, a new way of thinking began in Philosophy and the idea “Intellect can solve everything" was given up. The strict Rationalism was made such a taboo that it was claimed that there was no other means of reasoning except Intellect to know the realities. Just at this point, Kant criticized Intellect and said that Reasoning could not solve the Philosophical realities of Metaphysics, and Intellect was unable to solve the “Absolute Truth”. He added that a great deal of facts would remain as “mysteries” for the Intellect.

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(14) Immanuel Kant, (1727-1804): He is a well-known German Philosopher. He completed his first book called "the Critique of Pure Reason" in 1781. It is accepted as the most important philosophy book in the last two hundred years. (Encyclopedia Life, from the article about Kant)

The metaphysical realities are the essence, the origin of the Creation (nature and all the objects), the description of the inner world (metaphysical world), the Angels, Spirit, Paradise etc. It is a fact that it is impossible to comprehend and solve all these realities using the partial intelligence and the partial intelligence confuse reasoning and cannot exceed the guesses and hypothesis in spiritual and metaphysical matters and this will force and confuse mind as well.

In Europe, this strict and extreme Rationalism have been prevented by Kant with "The Critique of Pure Reason" and by Hegel with his "Scientific Dialectic".

Rationalism is valid until where the matter ends. Intellect has no right to mention metaphysics. It is about time we explained it as follows: (15)

Intellect is able to solve and has been solving everything, which is material-physical. It has the capacity of understanding, solving and explaining the subjects about the visible world whereas it cannot reach a definite judgment and knowledge in metaphysical matters.

Intellect is unable to know the concepts and qualities of the Metaphysical realities such as Spirit, Angels, the Heavens etc. as well as God and His attributes. It cannot solve the Absolute Truth because God did not give this power (capacity) to human mind (the partial intelllect that human beings have). Because of this, He sent His “Divine Message” to human beings so as not to be deprived of the spiritual knowledge and to know “His Existence with His attributes and the metaphysical World”. He assigned this duty to the Perfect Men who bear the Holy Spirit and who were called as "Great Mystics or the Devout".

(15) For further information see also "Islâm'da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending)" (The chapter about Sufism, Theology and Philosophy in Islam" 1988- İzmir, distributed by Doğan Distribution in Malatya-Türkiye

Those who bear this Holy Spirit are also named as "Prophet, Messenger, Apostle, Wali - “the Friend of God- and guide". (16) God sends His Divine Messages by means of these great people and informs us about the metaphysical realities. When these divine messages and books are studied and read, we meet very important opinions and facts. We come across very important subjects about the physical and metaphysical worlds in the Koran, in the Bible (Gospel, the Bible), in the Torah and in the Psalms of David (Zabur). We also receive "Divine Messages" from the Disciples and Islamic Sufis apart from 28 Divine Messengers. (17) We should not ignore the poems, the wise sayings and the writings of some Christians Mystics and Islamic Sufis about the origin of the Creation and metaphysical subjects.

None of the philosophers considered the book "Füsus ül Hikem (The Bezels of Wisdom)" written by Muhyiddin-i Arabi as unimportant. Ibn-i Arabi is also an extreme Divine Messenger. He did not accept the role of Mind (Logic, Intellect) on Metaphysical subjects but he constantly emphasized that only the Intellect, which had a contact with the Universal Intellect or the person who had the Holy Spirit, could solve these realities. All the Sufis and Muhammad Ghazzali (18), who used to be a philosopher but then he chose the path of Sufism, claim that Metaphysical realities can never be solved with Methodology, Intellect and Logic without the role of the Holy Spirit.

Some of the Western philosophers agree with it. They accept and confirm that the mysteries of nature have not been solved yet and it is impossible to solve them using the partial intellect, and the Absolute Truth cannot be learnt with an ordinary mind. Descartes also accepted it.

The fanatic supporters of Aristotle Logic (Aristotle Logicians) and Descartes Methodists (who are called as rationalists in the Literature of Philosophy) are more rationalistic than Descartes used to be.

(16) "The Spiritual guide who is the Friend of God (Wali)" (Al-Kahf, 17)

(17) See: 28 Prophets mentioned in the Koran,

(18) See: "El Minkuzu min ed Dalâl-From Corruption to the Spiritual Guidance”

Descartes, who founded the Method of Rationalism, accepted that the metaphysical realities, the Reality of God and the Absolute Truth could not be solved with this practical intellect. (19)

Those extreme rationalists claim that all the physical and spiritual theories and principles as well as “the Absolute” Truth can be known with the partial intellect and they say that there is no other way of learning the physical and metaphysical realities except using Logic and Intellect.

What they want to do is; They try to convince that spirit does not exist, there is no reality that the Holy Spirit knows and there cannot be any Divine messages. They deny the Prophets who are the Divine Messengers, the books of God and also the opinions, ideas or the knowledge of the Great Scholars and of the Religious Guides based on revelations and discoveries. They call all of them "dogma” and ignore them. They refuse all the Divine Messages and the knowledge in the Holy Books or in the books of Sufis even though they are scientific and in accordance with science, practice and intellect. They cannot be "rationalists". Those who understand "Rationalism" in this way are the "materialists" who deny God, the Holy Messages of God (Divine Words and Divine revelations) and also the Prophets together with the Scholars of Sufism who are also the Divine Messengers.

They are particularly the simple materialists who are the noisy advertisers of “Rationalism” in Türkiye. The materialists who study and read a great deal are not as rationalist as they are because they are at least fair to say openheartedly that the Holy Books and the works of Sufis contain interesting ideas and scientific subjects. On the contrary, the simple materialists who chew the word "rationalism" in their mouth like a gum keep saying: rationalism, rationalism, rationalist…, but then they utter no reasonable word or write any books. The only thing they do is to repeat the word rationalism at the beginning of their sentences. They are the creatures whom Ziya Pasha described as: "Lots of fools who think they are clever." (20)

(19) See the six metaphysical opinions of Descartes

(20) A lot of fool, who think they are intelligent: Rationalists

These simple materialists confuse Intellect with Rationalism and cause an agitation of concepts. According to them, you refuse Intellect if you are not a rationalist in all the matters. In fact, rationalism is an expression used after Descartes and it is the Methodology of Descartes, which means thinking systematically in every subject. They are the Cartesians, even more Cartesians than Descartes himself, who claim that all the realities of Physical and Metaphysical matters and the Absolute Truth can be solved with this partial intellect. (21)

They are the keen supporters of the Doctrine of Descartes same as the old Aristotle Logicians, who used to be more logical than Aristotle was.

The Koran, Sufism and all the Divine Messengers say that the partial intellect is able to solve the Physical Realities but Metaphysical Realities can only be learnt with the "Universal Intellect-The Spirit". The Koran explains this matter very clearly in the sixth verse of Chapter "Rum":

"That is God's promise; God will never break His promise. Yet, most men do not know it.” Most men (who have the partial intellect) know of the visible part of the life of the world (the physical part of the Creation).Yet, they are unaware, heedless, ignorant about the other world (metaphysics).”

The above verse clarifies the Intellect in man. Allah explained everything in the Koran and revealed His Divine message to the Prophet Muhammad, who is the writer of the Koran, and this great Divine Messenger transmitted this reality to humanity.

Every fair person should feel at least a little respect for the Prophet Muhammad when this verse is read and studied carefully. (22)

(21) Ziya Paşa said:

“This partial mind does not need to understand everything.

For, this balance cannot weigh this much weight..”

Before, Ziya Pasha had been a positivist (rationalist) after that, he realized the reality mentioned in the above couplet and he turned to Sufism.

“Sümme yakiluha illel alimun-None will grasp their meaning except the wise.” (Al-Anqabut, 43)

(22) See Muhammad -Jesus -Adam

The WORLD AND SPIRITUALITY

According to Islam, a traveler of God should pay all the importance to divine values; he will not concern about the world very much.

Our great Prophet (a.s.v.) said: “The mother of all the wickedness is the love for the world”. (23)

The world is not very important, as it is transitory. Man is also transitory but God and the World of spirituality is eternal. Yet, there is something lovely in the world although it is very common and low because Allah created the world for the sake of our Prophet (a.s.v.), whom He loved very much, who is His first manifestation and the First Spirit. Therefore, the world is permitted to be loved a little, again for the sake, for the love of the Prophet (a.s.v.). It should never be loved heartily, but only with a glance.

“Levlake levlake lema halaktü’l eflak- Were it not for you, O Muhammad, I would not have brought creatures into being.” (24)

This can be exemplified as: If the Sun did not exist, the other beings need not be existed.

The Spirit of our Prophet (a.s.v.) is like the sun in the 18 thousands worlds and the earth is like a star. If the earth is beautiful, this is due to the sun. God says:

“Know that the life of this world is but a sport and a pastime, a show and an empty vaunt among you, a quest for greater riches and more children. The life of this world is but a vain provision.” (Al-Hadid, 20)

These qualities of the earth are reported to us obviously in our Holy Book, the Koran. (25)

Pride is an attribution of Satan. Therefore, man especially a traveler of God should be very careful not to let himself attach the world as it causes to forget God and to act heedlessly.

Islam religion enjoins to work hard and to earn one’s own living to look after his family and not to attach the world very much and not to be a burden on others.

Islam refuses laziness!

Islam commands Muslims to work hard in order to make their country more powerful to maintain the religion after they earn their own subsistence and to make Islam more superior and stronger compared to other non-Muslim countries because if the state gets weaker, enemies invade the Islamic country and change the religion of Muslims by force. They may change our mosques to a church or a nightclub, which is the destruction of religion, honor and faith. Our national culture will be annihilated then.

The aim of a Muslim should be to exalt his country higher than other countries. He should help his country with his life and wealth and spend all of them for his country if it is necessary. If this is not his aim, he has no place in the sight of God and the Prophet (a.s.v.) even if he goes to the Kaaba for a thousand of times, fasts everyday and worships until morning. He is in disgrace.

If there is no country, there will be no religion! There are many enemies of the religion and the power to protect it is the government.As for the state; the state must concern the health of his citizens and give them a good education. If a nation’s people are unhealthy and ignorant, it lacks the power of fighting. If a nation does not help his country with his life and his wealth, he puts his government, his presence and his religion into danger. Therefore, a nation should help their country by overworking after they earn their own living. The state will increase their war power by educating citizens and providing them the conditions to be healthy. An ignorant and unhealthy nation can never make war. Peace can be made by deterrent war power.

In this situation, we say that the government should take the responsibility to educate the children of his country from primary school until university. Education must be compulsory and the government should pay all the educational expenses until they complete their schools. The government should also pay for the health and medicine expenses and all kinds of health and education spending must be nationalized.

If this matter is solved with the cooperation of nation and government, other problems can be settled down easily.

What we understand from Islam religion is; the life and the property of a Muslim that is left from his urgent needs belong to his government, which protects his religion, his nation and his country.

The rule is: If there is no state (country), there will be no religion. Religion is protected by government. If a government weakens, the enemies invade the country and they destroy our religion and culture, so we should try to make our established republic and democrat country stronger if we are Muslims, if we like our religion and if we really insist on Islam. This is the reality.

The country is protected with the unity and cooperation of Muslims and nation. The concept that Islam opposes most is separatism (disunity). “The believers are a band of brothers. Make peace among your brothers! (Make peace and do not spoil your unity and your cooperation)” (Al- Hujurat, 10)

May Allah protect our nation from the invasion of enemy and enable Muslims to be happy and united with His grace and His mercy for the sake of our Prophet, his Family, his Children and his Companions! (26)

(23) From Ibn Ebi’d Dünya and Beyhaki; İhya-I Ulumi’d Din, Ghazzali, vol. 3 p.454, Bedir Publications. İst.-1974

(24) Ajluni, vol.2, p.163

(25) See the Koran: Baqarah-212, Al-Imran-14 and other verses. Our Most High Prophet (a.s.v.) states: “The slaves of the gold and silver were perished, they did not stumble but they were completely destroyed.” (From Enes b. Malik r.a; Thirmizi, Ibn Mace, from Hakim

(26) See Ascension in Man

TO BE CONTENTED

Man should be contented but this should not recall meanness. Contentment is richness. A content person is happy but a greedy person is always unhappy because numbers have no end. He struggles in vain. Nobody has earned this world. You must thank for what God gives you because it is the same whether it is less or more.

There cannot be a better life than the life and meal earned by effort and hard work.

There is a very high meaning and delicate pleasure in the saying: “I’d better have peace than a house.”

However, you should not obey the cunning recommendations of the bad people who are greedy and mean because they tell you not to help the unemployed poor people and not to give any food to your family while telling to be contented.

Contentment means to be contented with what you have and not to use any illegal ways to earn money in order to be rich. The real meaning of contentment is hidden in the following proverb:

“Stretch out your feet according to the length of the cover!”

God loves contented people because he consents to his right. If everyone consents to his right, social justice comes true in that society and people live peacefully.

All the disorders are due to the disobedience to the rule of God’s consent.

Those who recommend and incite to be greedy and to earn a lot of money are not the people who suggest working. They use the word “working” in the meaning of being rich and they try to gain power by exciting people’s feelings on the radio, in newspapers and on the stage and even at the pulpit of the Prophet. God and His Prophet (a.s.v.) command people to work and lead his life on his labor and not to be a burden for others. They do not tell people to be rich and to hoard goods and to enjoy yourself at parties like a king.

We, the descendants of Adam, are not sent to this world to entertain ourselves and to have fun. We are sent to know our reality and our Lord and after becoming mature to meet our Lord again.

Not all people can be rich. But, if everybody works and gets his pay as a return of his labor, he can lead a normal life style. He can find time to remember his God, to contemplate on Him and to worship Him.

Then, Islam does not mean to say to be rich with the order to work. God also said in the Koran that He does not like arrogant people. God enjoins man to earn his living through working and not to exploit others. He forbids theft, usury, seizure by violence and living on someone else, buying at a low price and selling at a high price, misusing the measurement and weight. He orders justice and distribution. (27)

“God loves those who exercise justice.” (Al-Hujurat, 9)

“God loves the equitable.” (Mumtahinne, 8)

“God loves those that deal justly.” (Al-Maidah, 42)

“God enjoins justice, kindness and charity.” (Al-Nahl, 90)

God wants us to help the unemployed.

In our society, justice is also misunderstood; because when justice is mentioned, most of us recall the courts and the punishments but justice is also an attribute of God. A name of God is “Just -fair-”. God is the God of everyone so the word “justice” contents Socialism in it because justice is for the society and it is the base of the state. Justice is naturally social. The word social is in the word justice. Justice is truth and supports the truth. God says in the Koran:

27. See the verses in the Koran: A’raf- 85, An’am-152, Hud- 84-84, Shuara-182, Rahman- 8-9

“O Muhammad, those that deny God’s revelations slew the Prophets unjustly and killed the men who preached fair dealing.” (Imrans, 21)

“O Muhammad, the spoils shall not be the property of the rich among you.” (Al-Hashr, 7)

When this high opinion about social justice in the above verse was declared to mankind by Hz. Muhammad 1400 years ago, where were the false, demagogue socialists like Marks, Engels, Lenin, Mao and Trochki, who did not believe in the unity of the family, sacred values and who did not accept the freedom of thoughts, free expression, free communication and free democratic election? In our opinion, Marx had made a scientific demagoguery under the name socialism by laying stress on some realities.

Engels and Lenin exploited this and established a dictatorship, which turned the world into a hell for millions of people.

There is no social justice, no socialism, no religion and no faith in the place where there is no freedom of individuals because everybody becomes a liar for the fear of his life. If a society becomes a liar altogether then there cannot be any morality and virtue in that community. But, the aim of real socialism is a morally good and virtuous society. Dictatorship makes the society liar and telling lies is the greatest immoral behavior because everybody pretends to like that system of government (regime) although they do not like it. And the flatteries praise the dictators of the government and make the society to be obliged to do it.

The above verse is very clear:

“O Muhammad, the spoils shall not become the property of the rich among you.”

Therefore, God does not want the property-the capital- to be collected by one class and to be turned into a sultanate or state. There are rich people in Islam but they are not too many to establish a state.

The great God, who even cares for His bee, wants the property, the national product to be divided to all His servants in return of their labor and effort and He wants it to be distributed. He wants each of His servants to benefit from this property (today this is named as a cake by the upper class of the society). So God is obviously a socialist, it should be like this because He Himself created everybody and each individual is His slave. God declared openly, without causing any comments, in Chapter Najm, verse 39 that He supports the labor:

“Each man will be judged by his own labor.” (Al- Najm, 39)

Then, the rule is: If the lifestyle of a person is lower than his labour, he is being exploited but if it is higher than his labor, he is exploiting. We should note this very importantly. (Inheritance depending on true measurements and which is not earned as a result of exploitation is exceptional from this).

As it happened for all the Prophets, those who opposed the true struggle of Our dear Prophet Muhammad Mustafa (a.s.v.), who is the only beloved of God, were the capitalists, the upper class of Mecca. Our Prophet fought against these cruel enemies of people constantly and bravely and he could set up Islam religion and made it a universal religion after he had beaten them.

The Koran, the Sacred Traditions, the time of the Prophet’s Four Caliphs are the witnesses of it. Whoever denies this fact is in the struggle of showing Islam incorrectly. They also want to use the holy Religion of God as a mean for capitalism, liberalism and fascism. They are selfish and monk-spirited fanatic people who support the Kings and Rulers.

In Islamic religion, there is no monastic life. The service of Religion is done for the sake of Allah and it is free. (28) The Prophet (a.s.v.), the four Caliphs, the expounders, Hanafy, Shafii, Maliky, Hanbaly Hazretleri and all the scholars of Sufism served the religion without having been paid.

(28)“There is no priesthood in Islam.” See the footnote 168

“Kül la es’eleküm aleyhi ecren ille’l meveddete fi’l kurba-O Muhammad! Say: ‘For this religious service I demand of you no recompense. I ask you only to love My kindred (the Family of the Prophet)’! ” (Shura, 23)

Our great poet Ziya Pasha said:

“Damn with that money!

Either religion or chastity is used

While it is being collected.”

The Poet Kaymakam Eshref Bey said:

“Firstly they preach people at the great pulpit

Then they collect money from people.

They are just like brokers.”

The Great Sufi Niyazi Misri says about this subject:

“They tell people to leave the world.

But they become the possessor of the world.”

God also said in the Koran:

“İnne ardallah- The earth is God’s” (Al-A’raf: 73, 128)

Islamic state did not leave the possession of the earth to individuals. He left it to families who deal with farming, to their disposal in accordance with the number of the people in that family under the law called “Arazi-i Emiriye” in return to “öşür-aşr” (29) on condition that the right of property will belong to the state. Two great students of Hanafi Hazretleri: Muhammad and Yusuf also said that the earth belonged to the state. (See Kitab ül haraç)

% 10 of the profit which comes from the grain cereals which is given as a tithe (aşr) belongs to the state. Humus means that % 20 of the profit of the products of watered lands such as vineyards, gardens, orchards and of cotton, tobacco, tea and poppy also belongs to the state.

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(29) Öşr: Tithe. One tenth of the agricultural product

The view of Islam concerning land (earth) is excellent.

Although the right of possession was held by the state and %80-90 of the income belonged to the farmer, as the disposal of it was given to the farmer, he would try to make his income more and would put his own effort to it and this will make the national product to be increased.

However, in the other countries where the state control is dominant, the government both owns the earth and runs it itself. In those countries, villagers are employed on pay. As the income of the land does not belong to him, he will not try to support it personally and he will get out of doing his job.

Another reality is: Earth is a mean of general production. It is a fact that there were not any other means of production except earth at that time. There were not any factories that affected general economic order of the society. There were only small trade and handicraft businesses apart from agriculture and they were regional for that time.

The economical view of Islam is categorized in two aspects asgeneral and regional because it is obvious that Islam did not give the land (earth), which was the only mean of general production and which had an effect on the entire society and influenced the maintenance of the nation and the state, to individuals.

So, it is very clear that Islam did not leave the general means of production, which had an effect on the whole society and had a role on the maintenance of the nation and the state, to individuals.

Islam has severely forbidden hoarding (storing up large quantities of something in order to sell at a high price). (30) This is also another proof that in Islam, the government keeps every matter that will affect the general economical life of society under its control and disposal.

(30) Our Exalted Prophet (S.A.V.) said: “If a person stores some food for

40 days and then give it as a charity, it will not be the expiation for his sin of black - marketing.” (From Hz. Ali Deylemi; From Enes r.a. Hatib.)

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There were not any import and export businesses like today’s which would affect the general life of the society at the Prophet’s time. As it is definite that in Islamic government, everything that affected the life of society was kept under the control and disposal of the state, the government would never leave the general means of production of today and the import and export to individuals.

Since earth belonged to the state in Islam, the subterranean wealth, petrol and mines would belong to the government. Coasts, harbors, forests, lakes, rivers are related to the maintenance of the state and nation so they could not be left to individuals either.

The basic economical doctrine of Islam is confirmed with the above verse:

“O Muhammad! The spoils shall not be the property of the rich among you.” (Hashr, 7)

“İnne ardallah - Earth (as it is the means of general production) is surely the God’s. (It belongs to the state in the name of God.)” (Al-A’raf, 73)

And the other verses like:

“Ve en leyse li’l insani illa masea - Each man will be judged by his own labour.” (Al-Najm, 39) confirm that this is true.

Our Prophet said:

“He who sleeps with a full stomach while his neighbor is hungry is not a Muslim.” (31)

“Pay the wages of the workers while they are working.” (32)

(31) Suyuti, Camiüssağir, vol.2, p.385 trans. by A. Aydın, İst-1977

(32) From İbn-i Ömer r.a. Selamet Yolları vol.3, p, 172

And also İbn Mace, Beyhaki and Taberani

Allah says: “Even the unbelievers give aid and comfort to each other. If you (the believers) fail to do likewise, there will be disorder in the land and great corruption.” (Anfal, 73)

In the Koran it is said:

“İnneme’l Mü’minune ihvetün - The believers are a band of brothers.” (Al-Hujurat, 10)

Brotherhood cannot be accomplished with talk. Brothers help each other physically and spiritually and prove their brotherhood by this way.

In Islam, inheritance is a right but the property of the heir, the wealth he left must be based on labor and correct considerations. If it is not like that, it is exploitation then. The money and property which is hoarded as a result of exploitation is falsehood. The transfer of the falsehood is again falsehood.

God ordered to cut off the hand of the thief. A person who exploits people in several ways is also a thief. Thus, the property an exploiter steals should be taken from him and his hands should be cut off. (The way of theft (stealing) should be cut off.)

Islam entitled very strict provisions about heritage. Islam confiscates the property of people who lead a very luxurious life because luxury means to waste the national product uselessly, from the point of view of Islam. Luxury involves all kinds of parties, drinks and entertainment, very expensive receptions, cocktail parties, misbehaviors at dirty nights, living at the castles and villas, and leading a very comfortable life. They are all included in luxury.

Islam Religion accepted all kinds of unnecessary spending as a luxury and prodigality except one’s compulsory subsistence such as food, drinks, clothes…etc. (33)

(33) Islam has severely forbidden and refused prodigality and suggested to confiscate the property of the prodigal (spendthrift) because Islam never accepts the national income to be wasted unnecessarily. Prodigality is a forbidden act. (Whatever the religion forbids is prodigality.)

Islam defends labor, state and community definitely and openly. In spite of this, the reason why the materialist, dictator socialists do not accept our Religion is only they do not believe in God and moral qualities.

The reason why the capitalists and liberalists do not accept Islamic economy is as it is explained above, it objects to living in luxury and prodigality because the upper -the rich- class wants to lead a luxurious life and they got used to it. For this reason, the greatest opponents of Islamic system are generally liberal and rich people. But they act hypocritically and they pretend to be a Muslim. (We exempt the good ones from this.)

God said in the Koran about the capitalists, the cruel rich people of Mecca:

“O Muhammad! They do not deny you, what will they deny about you? (They know that you are a Prophet.) But they blame you because they do not want to leave their dirty pleasures and lives which they are accustomed to. (They resist against You.)” (Al-Baqarah, 46 Al- Nahl, 107)

I even do not want to presume that the democrat socialists who believe in God and freedom will be against this Muhammadan economical opinion.

Islam enjoins not to waste any money even when marrying except Mihir. (34) There is no such a thing in Islam like wasteful spending on wedding ceremony and the money paid by the bridegroom to the bride’s family.

In the Religion of Islam, “alms” does not belong to state but it is the right of the poor and it is obligatory. This is collected by the government itself and distributed to the poor people.

Hz. Omar was a tax collector during the Prophet’s time. Nobody can deny the reality that he would estimate a value while the dates were even green (unripe). (35)

10 or 20 percents of the income of the means of production mentioned above belonged to state and 80 percents of it belonged to the laborers or to those who worked them.

Consequently, in Islam, the possession of the means of general production belonged to the state, by comparison: it is obvious that the disposal and the income of the taxes which are collected as % 10 and % 20 from the factories and agricultural works can be used by laborers, workers and farmers.

It is certain that the national income of the underground and over ground wealth and % 20 of the income of the factories can make the country to prosper.

Both the theory and practice of the economic precept of Islam have been confirmed by the Koran, by the Hadiths and by the era of the Prophet’s Four Great Caliphs and also by the expounders of the great people of Hanafi; Muhammad, Yusuf and Malik. (See Kitabül Haraç by İmam Muhammad)

Let us think that the possession of the means of general production belonged to state and the disposal of it were given to laborers, workers and farmers. The laborers would put their personal contribution (they would use their personal effort and ability) and they would want to work harder and earn more.

(34) Mihir: the part of the dower agreed to be paid to a wife if divorced.

(35) See the related subject in Islam Tarihi

This will enable the laborers and farmers to live humanly and to be happy. And the state will gain state power by getting % 20 income from the factories and % 10 from agricultural products. By means of this, the state will have the possibility to take the social services to the farthest corners of the country.

Inside the country, a strong state that has a great power of war and a deterrent force will be established. (The country that wants peace should be ready for war.)

The state will also be respectful for the sacred values and for the freedom of thought and speech. Everybody will think and work freely. It is beneficial to re-read the fourth chapter. I advise it to you.

Hz. Muhammad’s teaching of Evolution

God Most High reported:

“Külle yevmin hüve fi’şan - God is in a glory every instant.” (Al-Rahman, 29)

Our Prophet said:

“A person who lives his two days in the same way is in corruption.”(36)

Thus, Islam is not scholastic (conservative) but on the contrary, Islam always believes the perfection, evolution of the nature and universe every instant. In this case, Islam accepts the infinity of evolution. The first person who reported this infinite evolution and perfection was Hz. Muhammad Mustafa (a.s.v.).

(36) Mawlana, Masnawi, vol.6, p.432

It is confirmed 1400 years ago with the words of God and the great Prophet that Islam is evolutionist.

God said:

“Ve küli’l hakku min Rabbiküm feme’n şae fe’l yü’min ve men şae fe’l yekfür - Say o Muhammad! This is the truth from your Lord. Let him who will believe in it and him who will deny it.” (Al-Kahf, 29)

And again:

“There is no compulsion in religion” (Al-Baqarah, 256)

In another verse:

“You have your own religion and I have mine” (Khafirun, 6)

This is the freedom of opinion and conscience. (37)

(37) See Ascension in Man

The amount of alms can be increased by the state and the state can charge taxes from the general means of production as well. Alms and oshr can be increased as a amount of one twentieth, one tenth and one fifth. The legislative department of the state can fix it in accordance with the conditions of the country, the people and time. In Islam, the priority is given to the protection of the Unity, the religion, and later the benefits of the society. The state must be powerful in order to protect the religion and nation.

In Islam, it is forbidden to buy the products of the producers in the field or on the way. The producer must know the current price or market price. Government revenues shall be divided into five parts in respect of Chapter Hashr, verses 7-8 the ransom verse). One fifth of it shall be spent on the government expenditures. One fifth shall be given to the Family of the Prophet, to Ahl al Bayt and Hashimids (Sayyids and great scholars of Religion such as scholars of Jurisprudence and Sufism can be included to this). However, they-except Ahl al Bayt- shall not have any other income. It shall not be given to those who are not needy or have other incomes. If any revenue is left, it belongs to the state.

One fifth of it shall be given to orphans, one fifth is given to the unemployed or to those who become poor for several reasons (to idles) (38). One fifth shall be given to visitors (to various civil servants who travel for the state, who work for the government and the state).

In Islam, usury (interest, the profit earned without labor and risks) is forbidden but trading is permitted. He who regards them the same is punished. (39) His physical and psychological structure becomes bad. His face is not a human face anymore. His face changes and it becomes ugly.

The word “trading” is derived from the same root of “wage” in Turkish, grammatically. Trading is also a kind of wage. It is earned in return of labor and trouble, for not everybody can deal with trading. In the past, the merchants used to bring goods in order to substitute the needs of people from far places such as Yemen, Cairo, Teheran and Damascus by caravans, during our Prophet’s time. It was a very hard work at time and involved several risks. There should naturally be a payment of this hard work. It did not mean a profit but a return of that trouble and risks or of the labor spent. Allah permitted trading and the Prophet had put a profit limit to it. (between % 5 - % 15 profit limit)

(38) As for the Koran, idles are those who are unemployed for several reasons such as those who have physical and mental deficiencies)

(39) See the related verse: “Do not claim that trading is no different from usury.” (Al-Baqarah, 275)

Bargaining was also in this profit limit. He who exceeds profit limit is subjected to punishment in Islam Religion, as he makes excessive profit. However, the government (in Islam, Emir el Mu’minin) is able to this even phoning by the help of the means of communication and transport of today. It can bring the goods people need very easily.

In Islam, market shopping is allowed. Shopping or sale at retail belong to people or to tradesmen or to shopkeepers. What we mean to say above is, the possibility of wholesale trading by the government has started in this age. The profit of wholesale trading belongs to the state.

In Islam, tax is not collected from the tradesmen who deal with handicraft trading or small businesses. Tax is not collected from the laborers either. There is no Islamic proof concerning this. The Government does not collect any taxes from his civil servants either and there is no Islamic proof to confirm this either. If government is able to do foreign trade and wholesale trade, it can do it because Islam always prevents monopolizing.

“This property (The capital) shall not become the property of the rich among you.” (Hashr, 7)

Alms and taxes are charged from the profit of immovable property like houses, apartments, shops and factories. Alms are collected by the government and it is the right of the eight classes among the poor people. (40)

According to Imam Shafii, a person cannot do any work without giving alms. He shall firstly give his alms and then he can deal with trading or other jobs. In addition, according to Shafii, the poor has a right to resist receiving alms because

“Alms are the right of the poor.” (Al-Dhariyat, 50)

For the poor is the 1/40 shareholder of the property of the rich. This amount is the amount decided by Emir el Mu’munin. It may be 1/40, 1/30, 1/10, 1/5, according to circumstances of society. The decision is given by the Prophet and the Leader of the State. Allah has not reported the amount of the alms in the Koran.

The basis of Islam is to protect and to maintain the Religion of Allah and to support the just and powerful state that is based on Law. The aim is the religion and society (nation). Government is a medium. The state must always enable the balance in society. When the social balance is upset or lost, there will be disorder among people and the state gets weak. When the state gets weak, religion and society is endangered. Whatever they say, Islam Economy is a socialist economy.

(40) See the practices of the periods of Hz. Prophet (a.s.v.) and his Four Caliphs.

Islam does not accept the economical system that is against the benefits of the society. The state does not run for the pleasures of the rich class. The state supports ordinary people. It does not act according to the rich people’s benefits but it supports the poor people. If the rich does not perform their duty towards the poor people, the government warns them. (41)

Moreover, In Islam, tenancy or hiring was not permitted. (42) Some scholars approved hiring afterwards (after 4 Mujtahids). In Islam, the state intervenes in all the affairs, firstly economy, in order to protect religion and nation.

In Islam, the state does not interfere into two things: The belief and thought of individuals and the innocence of home. Nobody can enter a house without permission except some special occasions. A house is entered through its door.

If a state is intervening, it is not liberal then; therefore, liberalism is not in Islam. It is definite that Islamic state is for intervention. (Hz. Omar controlled the market places personally walking around and he left the lands to farmers to be hired in return of oshr).

In addition to this, they try to transmit the following beautiful saying as a Hadith: “Work for the world as if you will never die and work for the next world as if you will die tomorrow.”

Muhammad Hasan Deyfullah from the instructors of Ezher University says in the footnote of Camiussagir of Suyuti, published in 1977, vol. 1, p. 359, “I have not met any narrators of this Hadith in the hadith books I had.”

Hadiths become genuine with the texts and narrators. The hadiths whose narrators are unknown and not written in the other Hadith books are false traditions (Hadiths). They put this hadith in the book of Suyuti, who is famous for his Hadith studies, to use his fame and in order to make Muslims accept it.

(41) See Saidi Nursi Efendi’s “Devlet felsefesi”; Muhammad Abu Zehra, Imam Shafii “Islam’da Siyasi ve Itikadi Mezhepler Tarihi; Osman Keskioğlu “Fıkıh Meseleleri; Sayyid Kutub, Islam’da Sosyal Adalet, Prof. Huseyin Perviz Hatemi, Islam açısından Sosyalism, Prof. Mustafa Sibai (Suriyeli), Islam Sosyalizmi

(42) Jabir reports that our prophet (a.s.v.) said: “Let the person who has a piece of land sow and reap it! If you are not able to do it, give it to one of your Muslim brothers! But do not let it out on hire.” (Ibn al Kuaym, Tahalhib Sumen, Abu Davud) Cairo, vol. 5, p. 56-57

See also the hadith in the same meaning from Salim ibn Abdullah: From Bukhari, Muslim and Abu Davud

A normal person cannot deal with two works at the same time. In other words, a person will perform his ritual prayer and at the same time he will build a wall or he will perform his ritual prayer while he is screwing a bolt. A person that works for the worldly affairs as if he will not die cannot work for the next world as if he will die soon. They cannot prove that our prophet (a.s.v.) said such a saying.

“La yükellüfullahe nefsen illa vus’eha - Allah does not charge a person with more than it can bear.” (Al-Baqarah, 286)

They also say the holy hadith “The giver hand is superior to the receiver hand.” The hand, in this hadith, belongs to a pious person. A person will earn illegal money, he will make a capital using illegal ways and then he will be an exalted person. This matter is deviated.

They also pretend not to see the following hadith.

“The alms given with unlawful money looks like washing hands with urine.”

Those who say these hadiths in order to make Muslims worldly minded are getting the subject astray. They want to please the rich that earn profit unjustly.

In fact, the hadith “The giver hand is superior to the receiver hand” is concerned with divinity. The giver hand is superior to the receiver hand in divinity or spirituality.

“Let the rich and honorable among you give to those who do not have.” (Al-Nur, 22)

NOT TO COMMIT OPEN AND SECRET THEFT

Islam severely objects to all kinds of open and secret theft. A thief is a coward person who desires to be rich without working. Theft is vileness and it is to covet the labors of others. What can be worse than stealing the property of a person who earned it with several difficulties? The worst point of theft is to form it as a habit.

Islam does not punish the theft done in case of necessity such as to eat something when he is hungry, in order not to walk naked or to steal the medicine that he needs.

The theft committed to live without working or to become well-off (to possess wealth) is not forgiven. It is ordered to cut off the hands of the thief. What we understand from this is: it may be a physical or metaphorical punishment like stopping the ways of stealing or cutting off the way of theft.

Open theft: It means to break into a house or a shop for stealing money or property.

Secret theft: This means to exploit people such as buying at a low price and selling it at a high price using tricks while measuring or weighing; and lending money on interest, bribery and not repaying the labor of workers or laborers justly that work in his shop, his field, his garden, his factory or workshop or making them overwork and paying them less salary. These are also theft and they steal the money- the right of laborers- indirectly, without working. Exploiting means theft and the person who exploits is a thief.

Islam religion takes back the property or money which a thief has stolen in any way and cut his hands in order to make him not to steal again and prevent open or secret theft -“exploitation”-.

Islam also takes deterrent precautions against them. If a person sets up a business and exploits people or workers in tricky ways, and earns a wealth or if an official receives a bribe from people in a town or city, these wealth are accepted as exploitation and the people who do this are regarded as secret thieves or exploiters.

In Islam, this wealth must be taken back from them and their hands must be cut off. Whereas, these secret thieves own buildings, shops, lands and factories etc. in their own towns or in other cities using the money that they have stolen from people or workers indirectly.

These thieves also oppose to the people who defend the rights of the poor and who wants the labors of the workers not to be exploited.

These crazy, old people who are the slaves of their lust and who enjoy and entertain themselves with very young innocent girls at parties, bars, night clubs and secret meeting places pretend to be religious by screaming “They are playing with our sacred right of property!” by basing this on religion and sacred values. They become the protector of the right of property of Islam as if they accepted all the requirements of The Religion of Islam.

If every Muslim knew the economic view of Islam Religion, they would struggle against these false Muslims who are secret thieves and exploiters, before socialists.

For the socialists who deny Islam, we ask where they were when the following verse: “Ve en leyse li’l insani illa masea - Each man shall be judged by his own labour.” (Al-Najm, 39) had come to mankind 1400 years ago.

Labor and the economical view of Islam have thoroughly been explained in 4th, and 17th chapters of this book. I advise the secret thieves who are the noisy defenders of sacred right of property, the dictators and materialist socialists who are the enemy of freedom of belief, which one cannot give up, to read 4th, 17th, 31st chapters of this book and to be fair!

It is also unfair and lack of conscience to see or to show Islam as if it is against the social justice, the freedom of opinions, religion and conscience and also the Constitution, which regards the Democratic Parliamentary System as a guarantee of these freedoms, concerning Social Justice and Freedom. I especially stress on this reality too. The missing points can be corrected. (43)

__________________________________________________________

(43) See Ascension in Man)

WHEN A MUSLIM EARNS WEALTH, HE WILL ALWAYS KNOW THAT IT IS FROM ALLAH.

When a Muslim earns wealth, property, money lawfully and justly by his own labour, he will know that this is from Allah because the earning earned lawfully is a blessing and blessing is from Allah.

A Muslim knows that the One who created himself and bestowed intelligence, mind and energy on him is God, who is the Creator of the Universe and the Administrator. These are a person’s natural capital.

Illegal earning is exploitation. It is a sum of money due to tricks, plots, intrigue which is not earned as a result of labor and right consideration. Illegal property and wealth means secret theft. The person who exploits others is a thief. Accepting the wealth a thief has stolen as if it is from God is an insult towards God.

The sayings of some people or of uneducated mullahs such as: “The wealth is given to the rich by God; it is God, who makes the rich wealthy and the poor deprived or everybody should consent to his fate!” are nonsense and they are said to defend thieves. (It is a way of leading his way by flattering others.)

God orders to take the stolen wealth back from the thief as well as He orders to cut off his hands. That is to say, He ordered to make the thief unable to steal. This is possible through imprisoning the thief, taking fierce precautions and preventing secret and open theft and establishing a just state supervision by changing the order of exploitation.

Knowing illegal wealth to be earned as a result of open or secret exploitation from Allah means not to accept Allah and to deny His justice.

Besides this, God does not make the poor intentionally poor (excluding some exceptions). God Most High ordered everybody to work and to live by his own earning because He gave everybody mind, intelligence and a labor force. He that works is never hungry. A person’s labor, energy and mind are his natural capitals.

None of the religions but Islam has ordered to work and considered labor this much. (44)

While the working order of Islam is obvious, the expressions such as: “Be consented to your fate! Do not desire the property of the rich! God makes whoever He wills poor or rich!” are not in accordance with the view of Islam about fate, but they are the views of Jabri Sec. They use these demagogueries to deceive people and to defend the thief upper class that exploits people consciously or unconsciously. They are contrary to Islam Religion (45) except those who earn in legal ways.

Islam definitely enjoins people to work constantly in order to earn one’s own living and to make the state powerful. Islam wants everybody to earn his own living with the labor force He gave them and not to be a burden for others, and to make the country powerful.

Islam also suggests those who have a job: “social aid” which means to help the unemployed people. It also says: “The poor, the unemployed have a right to get help from the employed. (46)Therefore, God says:

(44) Our Most High Lord commands in a sacred hadith: “I am an enemy of three people: The first one: he promises in the name of Me, but he breaks his promise, the second one: he sells a free person as a slave and spends the money he earns over him and the third one: he does not pay the wage of workers completely. (40 Hadis, by Sadreddin Konevi, trans. by Harun Ünal. Sources: Bukhari, Ibn Mace, Müsned)

(45) See “Islam’da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending), Kısaca Önemli İtikat Konuları and other Chapters” in order to read about the precept and characteristics of Jabri Sect. by Kazım Yardımcı, 1988, Anadolu Bas. İzmir.

(46) “The beggars and the deprived have a share in their goods.” (Al-Dhariyat, 19)

“As for those who hoard up money for their self: ‘I will heat their money in the Hell and brand with them on their foreheads, sides and backs and I will torture them until they finish their money.” (Al-Tawba, 34-35)

Although this verse is very clear, the hodjas at pulpits and the people who exploit people, the thief and immoral rich people and their flatterers tell unconscious people this in an opposite way: they tell them to be rich instead of to work hard. (47)

Yet, Islam enjoins to work hard and to live through his own labor and not to hoard up for their ego. It commands people to give the rest of their earning to the government, which will provide the maintenance of religion, nation, country and then to poor people, poor neighbours as alms and aid.

“El malu ve’l benune zinetü’l hayati’ddünya ve’l bakiyatüs salihat - Wealth and children are the ornament of this life but the deeds of lasting merit are better (to perfect yourself, to be a virtuous human).” (Al-Kahf, 46)

God also said:

“Len tenalü’l birre hatta tünfiku mimma tahibbun - You shall never be truly righteous until you give in alms what you clearly cherish.” (Al-Imran, 92)

When this verse was revealed, the faithful friends of our Most High Prophet (a.s.v.) asked: “O the Prophet of Allah, what should we give in alms?”

Our Prophet Muhammad (a.s.v.), who is the father of the poor and weak, said: “What God says as alms is what you spare from the property after you need compulsorily.” (48)

(47) It is impossible for everybody to be rich. If everybody becomes rich, who will the rich people make work? But, everybody can be a laborer. He can work and he is paid and can buy what he needs.

The above verse and the sacred sayings of the Prophet affected the Great Turkish Poet Fuzuli very much and he said:

“Len tenalü’l birre hatta tünfiku derse eğer,

Mitriba çal nameni, Ya eyyühe’l müsteğfirun! „ (49)

“Become rich! „ and “Work! „ has different meanings. A rich person does not work but he makes other people work. He leads a luxurious life but Islam commands to work until a person dies if he has a labor force.

Then, according to Islam, everybody is a laborer and they should work. Mental worker is also a laborer and the managers should also work.

Hz. Allah says in a verse:

“O Muhammad! Let this property not become the property of the rich among you.” (Hashr, 7)

He ordered the property (national income) not to belong to certain people by saying this very clearly. He wanted everybody to benefit from the National income.

In another verse, God said: “O Muhammad, how many generations have your Lord destroyed as they lived in comfort?” (Al-Isra, 16)

When our great Book, the Glorious Koran is studied about this subject, we meet the following verses:

(48) “Veyes’eluneke maza yünfiküne kuli’l afve - They ask you what they should give in alms. Say: “What you can spare.” (Al-Baqarah, 219)

See also Gazali, İhya, v. 4 “Fakrin Hakikati ve Özel Fazileti”

(49) As in today’s Turkish version: “If He tells you that you will not be saved if you do not give what you like: O the informer! Make people hear what you want them to hear! Say: “O the people who want to be forgiven: this is the opportunity! Here you are”

“God does not like the exultant, those who live in comfort and boast.” (Al-Kassas, 76)

“O Muhammad! Those who lived before you slew the Prophets unjustly and killed the men who preached fair dealing.” (Al-Imran, 21)

“When it is said to them: ‘Give alms of that which God has given you!’ The unbelievers said to the faithful: ‘Are we to feed those whom God can feed if He chooses?’ and they also say to them: ‘Surely you are in glaring error.’ ” (Ya Sin, 47)

They mean to say “God has not given them, why should we give them?” They define the principle of “helping” as a “glaring error”.

God also says:

“Woe to every back-biting slanderer who amasses riches and sedulously hoards them!” They hoard the wealth; then they start to count it.” (Al-Humaza, 1-4)

That is to say they have no time to worship Me and to think about Me!

He says: “I will fill their bellies with fire.” (Al-Nisa, 10)

“Man will be judged by his own labor.” (Al-Najm, 10)

Our Great Prophet (a.s.v.) said: “The reason of all the wickedness is the love of the world.” (50)

Again our Prophet said: “Eddünya cifetün vetalibuha külabün- The world is carcass and those who want it are the dogs.” (51)

(50) From İbn Ebi’ddünya and Beyhaki, İhya-u Ulumi’ddin, Gazali, v.3

p. 454, Bedir Ya. Ist-1974

(51) See Gazali, İhya, v.3 The Chapter: “Dünya Sevgisi”

God says in one of His sacred saying: “I was a hidden treasure. I liked to be known so I created the beings (I manifested).” (52)

The rich considers their own wealth as a treasure but they do not consider God as a treasure. They collect their property ambitiously and they leave it longingly. (They pass away.)

Consequently, Islam enjoins to work hard and continuously but not to be rich. Islamic Religion supports laborers. A Muslim should work and he should not be a burden for other people. He will overwork and help his state because it is the powerful state, which protects his religion, his chastity and his country.

He should help the unemployed, orphans, widows and those that are needy. He will give them a lending without interest (53) in order to enable him to set up his business. He should also help the poor ones among his neighbors, sick people and his old parents. He should help domestic animals and he should take care of his poor relatives.

When we study Islam itself, the Koran, the Prophet (a.s.v.) and the time of the Four Great Caliphs, we can understand this reality very easily: Islam is not individualist but it is socialist. In Islam, there is New Creation, the Constant Creation.

“Külle yevmin hüve fi şa’n - The Great God is always in a glory.” (Al-Rahman, 29) By these verses, it is understood that God is always active. The Universe is being perfected and beautified and this is infinite and constant revolution. Then, it will be seen very clearly that Islam supports laborers and believes infinite revolution.

(52) Sirrül Esrar, by Sayyid Abdulkadir Geylani, Rahmet Ya. 1964-Istanbul

(53) “Who will give a generous loan to God? He will pay him back twofold and he shall receive a rich reward.” (Hadid, 11)

It is an indisputable reality that Islam has Democratic State System depending on the fact that the Great and the Most High Prophet Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) had not left the state to his family after him and he objected to racism and nobility, and abolished aristocracy and brought a humanist approach. (54)

He gave everybody the right of free opinion, free expression and free belief with the verse: “There is no compulsion in religion.” (Al-Baqarah, 256) (55)

I advise you to read Chapter 4, 17, 31 of this book in order to understand this matter in details (Chapter, 37).

(54) Our Great Prophet (a.s.v.) said:

“Allah wiped out all practices of the days of ignorance, those bad habits and the boasting with his ancestors and parents. All mankind is the progeny of Adam and Adam was fashioned out of clay.

There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab, nor for the white over the black and nor for the black over the white except in piety. The superiority belongs to the one who is the most God-fearing.” (From the Farewell Khutba)

(55) See Ascension in Man

A PATIENT POOR IS MORE VALUABLE THAN A THANKFUL RICH IN GOD’S SIGHT BUT IT IS NOT GOOD IF THE POOR REBELS AGAINST GOD.

It really is a very exalted rank for a poor person who is unemployed, who is dismissed from his job and cannot find a job, who has bankrupted for several reasons, not to rebel against his God and to be depressed and not use illegal ways but to be patient and enduring. (56)

God loves such a person very much. He gives him a higher rank than a thankful rich slave of him.

The heart of a patient poor is sad and sorrowful no matter in which circumstances he is. He feels embarrassed to his wife and children. He is not respected by other people because of his poverty. He suffers a lot but he is still patient in spite of this. He does not rebel against his God. If he thanks his God even in this situation, the God, who sees and observes everything, likes such a servant of His very much. It is sufficient for this slave to be deserved the love and consent of God. This pleasure belongs to only the servant who believes in God and who is patient.

In addition to this, a poor person cannot buy what he likes and what he desires but a thankful rich is not like him. He can buy whatever he likes. A thankful rich is told wrongly. It is also another secret. That great person does not look like other rich people that we know. This wealth is given to him by God. His wealth is incalculable. He draws an example to cruel and arrogant rich people.

(56) “Those who endure and become patient in illness, adversity and in times of war are the ones who are steadfast and God-fearing.” (Al-Baqarah, 177)

God Most High said: “When I decree a calamity in the body of My servant, in his property or in his children, if he meets it patiently, I feel ashamed to call him to account on the Day of Resurrection.” (Sacred Saying)

A thankful rich gives away a lot of money to the poor. He renders the alms levy. He helps needy, the poor, those who are in debt, travelers, the helpless. He spends money for the government, nation, neighbors, poor relatives, orphans and widows like water.

He leads a moderate life with his children. Most of times, he eats dry bread. His children sleep in beds but his sleeping place is different. He sleeps on a rush mat or rug, covering his body with a piece of cloth. He worships a lot. He cries a lot, keeps begging his God and says: “O my Lord! Take away this wealth from me and give it to your other fair servants because this must be spent or used justly, which is very difficult. I am helpless. I am afraid that this wealth may lead me astray. It is a veil between You and me. It keeps me busy and it annoys me. It makes me go away from Your recitation but I want to remember You every instant and I do not want to lose Your beautiful name in my heart and in my lips. This world and its riches are transitory. I want You, Your beautiful face and the everlasting favors of the Next World.”

Islam calls such a person “a thankful rich” but not the one who thanks only by tongue.

Although this person has such good qualities, a patient poor is more exalted than this person at God’s sight.

As we said above: his heart is always sad, he cannot buy what his children want. He is suffering all the time. It is said:

“Poverty is a shirt made of fire. Only a man who is patient is able to wear it, not every man.”

Yet, heedless, cruel, rebellious rich people say:

“I earned this wealth.” When he says “I”, he becomes heedless and infidel. He knows his wealth “a treasure” but God says: “I have the treasure.”

The source and origin of everything is God. When a beautiful person and a rich person is unaware of the Great and Eternal Existence God, who is the source of her beauty and his richness, he becomes cruel. When he sits down, he sits down impolitely, when he walks or speaks, he behaves impudently. He also starts to disregard others, he insults and hurts them. He commands everybody around him.

Day by day, he becomes a pharaoh due to his arrogance. He tyrannizes people around him using his wealth. He treats women shamelessly, impudently and he becomes a cruel (evildoer).

God says: “Cursed are the evildoers.” (57)

A rebellious poor also becomes rebellious asking himself why God treats him in this way. When he becomes rebellious, he starts to try to get money using illegal ways. He attempts all kinds of tricky businesses.

He forgets his God and he becomes an unbeliever (May God protect!) by persisting in evil ways.

God says: “Cursed are the unbelievers!” (58)

God created patient poor servants, who are very rare, and the thankful servants, again who are very rare, to set an example for the rebellious poor and ungrateful rich people.

He will judge them by comparing them with each other saying:

“Look! This servant of mine was richer than you but he neither forgot Me nor was he ungrateful.”

“This servant of mine was much poorer than you but he was patient and he never became rebellious against Me.”

He will refuse the excuses of boastful, arrogant rich and rebellious poor people and he will punish them.

The best is to be “moderate”. We seek refuge in God from the wealth which will make us forget Him and from the poverty which will make us rebellious against God!

May God protect us with His favors! (59)

(57) See Al-A’raf 44

(58) See Al-Baqarah, 79

(59) See Ascension in Man

TO CONCERN THE RIGHTS OF NEIGHBOURS

Islam has attached so much importance to the rights of neighbors that neighbors are supposed to inherit the property of each other. (60)

A neighbor means one of the kinsfolk. The Koran mentioned to care for kinsfolk in the first place. (61)

The person who is not interested in the problems of neighbors does not care for the problems of society because he who does not concern about the people who sees every morning and evening, how can he care for the ones whom he does not see?

Neighbors are accepted as the people of the house for they see each other every day. We are obliged to care for our neighbors in all the conditions same as we think about our family members. We should especially ignore their faults they make as a human and not tell them anybody. This is the prime duty of a person.

Muslims should help their neighbors when they have problems and support them in their hard days and regard them more important than their own relatives.

We should share their happiness and not envy their joy. We should protect their chastity more than our chastity.

(60) Our great Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “Angel Gabriel kept exhorting me about obligations towards neighbor so much so that I imagined that they might be included as one of the heirs.” (From Hz. Aysha r.a., Beyhaki. See also Camisusağir, vol. 2, p. 307, trans. by A. Aydin, Ist-1977

(61) See Chapter Nisa, verse: 36

A believer should help his neighbors financially and morally. He will not forget his neighbors when they are in difficulty. He should desire his neighbors to be better in all the circumstances than himself. “The love for society” strengthens only in this way and the feeling of brotherhood becomes strong then.

A person who does not respect the benefits of his neighbors and society more than his own benefits is regarded neither as a Muslim nor as a human, anyway.

Our great Prophet (a.s.v.) considered the rights of neighbors very much. He would prefer them to his own self. He would forgive their mistakes and faults and endure their problems no matter how heavy they are.

A person who does not like his neighbors and does not regard their rights cannot love society and cannot respect the human rights.

“The love for mankind and the respect for human rights start with the love for neighbors and the respect for their rights. (62) This is the principle and it is indisputable.

(62) See Ascension in Man

NOT TO BECOME PRETENTIOUS

There is no pretentiousness in Islam and in the last Prophet Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.).

Islam is totally based on cordiality, on respect for people and their opinions, on love and on tolerance. For this reason, people are let free in their worship. Islam suggests that one can worship in every clean place as God is everywhere. This point is the most important point of Islam that distinguishes it from other religions.

Islam knows that God is everywhere, so it is not compulsory to worship only in mosques, which is very important. Yet, it is very beneficial to perform the ritual prayer behind a great personality and to pray God all together cordially and without hypocrisy. It has many of merits. In spite of this, it is very thought-provoking that people are not obliged to go to mosques. There are reasons of it.

There are places of worship in all the religions except Islam. Islam does not accept the place of worship because a place of worship means a holy place in which there is one to be worshipped.

An idolater does not worship in a place where there is no idol and a Christian does not worship in a place where there are not any pictures of Hz. Jesus (a.s.) and Hz. Mary either, therefore, Islam accepts mosques where people are united or get together.

The God of Islam is One and He cannot be considered in only one place. Muslims believe that God is everywhere. They do not replace the infinite One in only one place. (63) Islam agrees that everybody can make contact with God so it is respectful to the thoughts and worships of individuals.

Islam seeks honesty, cordiality and good manners in a person.

“Kalu Rabbünallahu sümmestekamu - Those who are believers say: ‘Our Lord (Administrator, Master) is Allah’ and take the right path. (They abstain from all kinds of bad words and behaviors such as telling lies, hypocrisy, pretentious worship etc.)” (Fussilat, 30)

(63) Allah is reflected only in the heart mirror. “I fit neither into the earth nor the Heavens but I am in the heart of the believer.” This does not mean that Allah enters a place because a divine heart is a mirror of Divine Light or a reflector same as the Sun is reflected in a mirror.

The above verse is a definite and indisputable proof of it. So, according to God a believer is a person who believes in God and who says: “My Lord, my Master is Allah and then becomes righteous”.

If a person is not righteous, he does not say “My Lord is Allah.” The person who says his Lord is Allah is righteous. The saying of Mawlana is a very important principle that reflects this reality of Islam:

“Be seen as you are or be as you are seen!”

There is no church discipline in Islam. Religion is left open to be discussed. There is no man of Religion either. Everybody is the man of Religion but there is a person who teaches and one who learns. This is one of the rights of people which cannot be given up.

Islam is the only religion in the world which gives this right to people.

The last Prophet Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) would discuss all the matters with people from every class. He would treat them respectfully; he would listen to them and not interrupt their talking saying: “Be quiet! You have become an unbeliever!” He accepted everybody as a human and he spoke to them, and spent his time with them. He would never insult them or treat them arrogantly. He would not charge anybody or people for the teaching or service of religion. He would not lay any stress on people but behave very tolerably. He would not force or urge people but let them free after he instructed religion. He would pay attention to their opinions, their honesty and relations among people and he would not consider their actions. He would not spy their worship but he would severely object to it. (64)

The real and first Muslim belief was like this and it still continues in this way for the people who have understood its reality.

(64) “It is true that I was sent as a Prophet of tolerance and easiness.”

(Ibn Hanbel, vol. 5, p. 266 Buhari, İman, 29)

But, afterwards, when the co-relation of king and pope and Sultan and Sheikhulislam was accepted, this was turned into pretentiousness and religious ceremonies and became a political gang. Religion was used for the personal benefits of kings, sultans, rich class and their supporters like priests, mullahs and false sheikhs. It was changed into a violent force worse than a monastic life, with the orders “Be quiet and obey!”

The real Muslims, great people such as: Mawlana, AbdulKadir -i Geylani, Sayyid Ahmed al Rufai, Muhyiddin-i Arabi, Maktul Suhreverdi, Junayd al Bagdadi, Beyazid-i Bestami, Cemaleddin-i Efgani, Muhammad Ikbal from Pakistan, Niyazi Misri, Muhammed Abduh, Sheikh Bedreddin, Sheikh Saffet from Urfa, Mehmet Akif who felt the bitterness of it in their hearts tried a lot but some of them were killed and some of them were banished.

As Ikbal said: “When the plant of Empire became strong,

The name of the conquest of the world became a holy war.”

What happened as a result: “Abasement took the place of greatness (dignity)” because whatever is done, if the pure religion of Muhammad was made to go off the rails, our end becomes abasement.

What happens to religion? Nothing! The owner of it protects it.

If you do not protect it but interpret it wrongly, He creates another nation that will interpret it correctly.

First, He destroys it and then creates a better, intellectual nation who is realist, who is respectful for realities. But conservatives may not like it and they may call the long haired people as an unbeliever. Let them say! They have no other guns….

They should not forget that the beautiful Muhammad (a.s.v.), whom God Himself created, had long hair too. Our holy Master (a.s.v.) would part his hair in the middle and comb it and made himself look so handsome that his lovers would become crazy. (65)

(65) See Hadiths and Islam Histories that mention the external appearance of our dear Prophet.

(66) See Ascension in Man

THE RIGHTS OF THE POOR SHOULD BE GUARDED

God and His Apostle (a.s.v) attached great importance to regarding the rights of the poor.

The poor have several rights. These rights will be protected according to the circumstances of time. The poor have rights in alms, in charity, in the alms given at Ramadan, in the meat of a sacrificed sheep and more importantly in the remaining part of what you need.

The poor means destitute and they are two kinds:

1- The destitute having no jobs: They are disabled people, lonely widows or widowers and orphans.

2- The destitute having jobs:

Islam made the state responsible for the economic life of people. The Prophet’s (a.s.v.) and the Four Great Caliph’s time prove this.

So, the people in authority are obliged to consider the rights of the poor in accordance with the conditions of time. The government should assign a subsistence allowance to unemployed poor people and look after and educate the orphans. They can never be left to their destiny.

The government must find jobs for the people who have labor force.

The government is obliged to take all kinds of social security precautions of the laborers to enable them to lead a better life and not to be exploited or insulted.

Fortunately, these precautions exist in today’s Turkish Constitution. Our Constitution has anticipated the principles of Social Justice that Islam has accepted in accordance with the condition of time. Therefore, it will be insincerity to see today’s Constitution completely contrary to the Koran and to the principles of Islam.

Islam definitely suggested regarding the rights of the poor whether they are employed or unemployed. Since our Constitution of today has suggested this and made the government and authorities responsible for this, when the articles of this Constitution about economical life are put in practice, the rights of the poor will surely be considered then.

In addition, the people who earn money are obliged to help the poor and the destitute who cannot work or cannot find a job and who are poor for these reasons by giving the rest of the many they need. This is firstly their duty as a human being. It is a way of supporting the feeling of humanity and causing the love for humanity because a human is the person who loves other human beings and who helps them.

God said in the Koran: “The alms are the right of the poor.” (Al- Dhariyat, 19)

The alms given at Ramadan are obligatory. The government should especially collect it. Our Master Hz. Abu Baqr (r.a.) has an indisputable opinion (fatwa) on this matter: “The person who does not give Zakat (the alms at Ramadan) should be killed.” (67)

God also said in the Koran: “Declare war against usury and abolish usury!” Al-Baqarah, 279)

Usury means the profit without working and labor. God has forbidden the profit which is gained without having worked.

“Veenleyse li’l insani illa masea - Each man will be judged by his own labor.” (Al-Najm, 39)

God has accepted the trade in return of labor. The trade at markets and retail trade are left to individuals.

(67) It was recorded in Islam Histories concerning this saying of Abu Baqr (r.a.) that some people were apostatized from Islam in order not to give alms. They might have become Christians because there is no commandment as to kill the people of the Book in Islam.

The other polytheists are not attacked unless they attack, that is to say: they are not murdered unless they draw the sword without provocation, with no reason. (In Islam, nobody is killed for his beliefs and thoughts). However, if non-Muslims attack Islam and start a war, it is legal to fight against them. If peace agreements are made, Islam Religion stops the war. Muslims do not break the agreement themselves because the side that breaks the peace becomes responsible at God’s sight.

“Do not regard trading equal to usury.” (Al-Baqarah, 275)

But; as long as trading, the profit in return of working, is made in the legal rules of trade.

Today such great profits (not based on labor or fair working) are made that usury means nothing compared to them. Trading requires severe and continuous supervisions of the Government. If there is no severe and continuous supervision of the government, trading in that country becomes exploitation and a robbery then.

There is a reality accepted by most of our people but nobody cares for it. People who have a little conscience say: “There is no legitimate profit left.” This situation that occurs in the feelings of people is the situation which gives no possibility to legitimate profit. Even in this case, as if all the characteristics of Islam are applied, why are some business circles and rich people, who exploit laborers and poor people under the name trading, often cry out saying: “O the people! They want to take our rights of property and inheritance from us!”

What had our Neyzen Tevfik said: “Zalim, idbara düşerken, Dinden istimdad eder!” (68)

He does not see any difference between lawful and unlawful, he murders everybody like a wolf, he does not give up drinking alcohol, gambling, dancing and dirty entertainment at night clubs. He leads a non-Islamic, non-humanist life. He over estimates himself and becomes arrogant, he exploits, degrades and insults other poor people but he mentions divine values among these shameful behaviors.

Which divine-holy values are you talking about? Listen to what Mehmet Akif says:

(68)The meaning of the above saying is “The wrongdoer expects help from religion (and from religious people) when he is in difficulty.”

__________________________________________________________

“How can we be a Muslim? Even humanity is not remained in us.”

If you are a human, firstly, be merciful to human beings!

If you support sacred things, firstly, you should give up your non-Islamic lifestyle!

If you make the children of the poor a village imam in this modern age and send your own son to American and European universities, if you make your wife follow the latest fashion of Paris, you cannot talk about Islam and the sacred rights of property and inheritance of Islam then.

If you defend only these two principles of Islam because they are in accordance with your benefits and call help from the Muslims to protect your property crying: “Religion is being lost!” This is not fair!

Islam refuses the earnings without working and a shameful life. The principle of Islam concerning this matter is:

“If your life is lower than your labor, you are being exploited, if your life is more than your labor, you are exploiting other people.”

Over-property is acquired illegally.

Exploitation is falsehood and desiring the maintenance of it is tyranny.

If inheritance is based on labor and fair measurements, it is lawful, if it is not, it is unlawful. The transition of falsehood is also falsehood. If the inheritance is not based on labor and fair dealings, it becomes exploitation then. Islam has definitely banned exploitation and unfair profit.

Islam definitely commanded to regard and to preserve the poor, their rights and their freedom.

Islam has many realities to be told on this matter but since this matter has thoroughly mentioned in the first chapters of this book, I would make it short and finish it with the commandments of God and of His great Apostle (a.s.v.) and with the sayings of Yunus Emre, who is the friend of truth and our poet:

“God loves those who exercise justice.” (Al-Hujurat, 9)

“Each man will be judged by his own labor.” (Al-Najm, 39)

“O Muhammad! Let this property not become the property of the rich among you.” (Al-Hashr, 7)

“The alms are the right of the poor.” (Al-Dhariyat, 19)

“Those who serve other gods besides Him give no alms and disbelieve in the life to come.” (Al-Fussilat, 7)

“O Muhammad! Those (before you) slew the prophets unjustly and killed the men who preached fair dealing.” (The Imrans, 21)

“The rich people of every city are the arch-transgressors of it.” (Al-An’am, 123)

“You shall never be truly righteous until you give alms what you clearly cherish.” (The Imrans, 92)

Our Prophet (a.s.v.) said: “The food of two persons suffices for three.” (69)

Even the above saying of the Prophet is enough for an understanding person.

Yunus Emre said: “A short straw will get his right from the long straw.”

Greetings to you O the Man of God, the great Turkoman! Greetings to you and to those who are like you because you give the reliving glad tidings to the poor that they will get all their rights and freedom at the end! You impart hope and dynamism to poor people.

Greetings to you and to the real Islam scholars who reached reality and who defend the poor and the deprived! (70)

(69) “The food of two persons suffices for three and the food of three is enough to feed four persons.” (From Jabir and Abu Hureyre Hz.)

(70) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant (the Traveler of Holy God) should be physically and spiritually contented.

But this should not recall meanness. You must thank for what God gives you because it is the same whether it is less or more.

A follower of God should be contented, he should not be prodigal. Prodigality means to waste what you get in return of labor.

The labor force in man is a favor of God to him. It may be little or big. The return of it is the living of him. One should be thankful for how much God gives him as a labor force, idea and artistic talent. You should consent to God and be thankful for what He gives you. He should not spend what he earns by struggling with a thousand of difficulties unreasonably because his family, his children and the people who have no labor force have a share, a right in it.

Prodigality means to waste what he earns for his own worldly desires. Prodigality does not suit man. It damages society. Wasting national income unreasonably and for his carnal desires in evil places damages both his family and his country and his nation.

However, you should not advise to be mean while intending to be contented. “Do not waste” means do not spend the money for the evil desires of your self. Therefore, the meaning of this is: “Do not use your profit unnecessarily and for your evil desires. Use it for good things! Help your country, your nation and the unemployed! Use the rest of what you compulsorily need for charity and by this way deserve the love of God and society!”

To be contented refers to this and you should not recall meanness.

One should be contented for his own self. There are such rich people that they do not eat or wear more than his subsistence but give them to the needy and they help other people as they are very generous. (71)

(71) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant should help orphans and fatherless children and he should love them.

The aspirant should help orphans and fatherless children. The hearts of the orphans and the fatherless children are always sorrowful and they are always destitute and sad. They are both in need of protection, attention and care and they lack in their parent’s love and affection.

Our dear Prophet (a.s.v.) loved the orphans very much. He would caress them lovingly and treated them well. God attached importance to the protection of orphans and their property by saying in the Koran:

“Do not tamper with the property of orphans!” (Al-An’am, 152)

To help orphans means to protect their health and property. If they have any property, it should be protected until they reach maturity. All kinds of help should be given to them in order to enable them to be well-educated and accepted in the society. The ones who need to be protected and loved most in a society are orphans and fatherless children.

Those children who have no parents usually do not have any relatives either. Today, in Turkey, it is known that there are about one million orphans. If Muslims do not take care of them, if they do not search for the ways of best education for them, who will look after them?

God entrusted orphans and fatherless children to Muslims. He ordered to bring them up in the best way and not to interfere with the property of orphans if they have any. (72)

While all the other small children are being brought up by their parents in warm houses with thousands of care, should these small children who are facing all kinds of natural dangers and wickedness of bad people in the streets not be loved and helped?

Can we call those who do not think about this and who do not have pity on them as a human being before we call even a Muslim?

Ah! Ah! We suffer for millions of tears of millions of orphans and fatherless children. O Lord! O Almighty! O My Just Allah! I seek refuge in You! Your glory is very exalted! Show us the right way!

“Show me a way, O Lord!

I am but like an empty boat.

Nobody loves me,

Whom will I love?”

Thousands of children keep on saying this in front of our eyes… All together! The lines above were being sung as Turkish Pop Music at 22.25 on Diyarbakır Radio Station while I was writing this article. I realized that it was a divine coincidence and I accepted it as a song of lamentation, wailing and begging of millions of orphans. They were as if complaining all of us to God. We are all guilty to have committed the grave sin in this respect.

He says: “Nobody loves me, who will I love?” Isn’t it true? Will a person love anybody when he is grown up if he is not loved by anybody? Will the society expect him to love others then? Isn’t he right if he does not like people and feel antagonism towards his society and commits crimes? How could we tell him not to do such things if we did not do any good to him?

This is one of the social problems Islam considers most.

We are all responsible for this individually and as governments and state with the Constitution. This problem must particularly be solved and these small orphans and fatherless children should be saved.

Let us finish this matter with a Sacred Saying of our Master Prophet Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.), and wish that all Muslim brothers will consider this matter fairly and will find a solution to it. To save an orphan is the best pious act.

It is perhaps the best love to look after him lovingly.

“The best house is the one in which an orphan lives (the house in which an orphan is looked after).” (73) (By Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) (74)

(72) This is mentioned in our Holy Book-The Koran- in the related verses of the Chapters: Al-An’am, Al-Isra, Al-Fajr, Al-Duha, Al-Ma’un, Al-İnsan, Al-Balad, Al-Kahf, Al-Baqarah, Al-Nisa, Al-Anfal and Al-Hashr.

(73) From Abdul’baki and Abu Nuaym, Omar and Abu Hurayra (r.a.) Suyuti, Camiussağir, vol.2, p.350

Our Holy Prophet says: “The worst food is the food which is stolen from the property of an orphan”. (Eb’id Derda, from İbn Mes’ud (r.a); Suyuti, Camiussağir vol.2, p.294)

Again our Holy Prophet says: “I and the one who takes care of an orphan will enter the Paradise together like my two fingers.” (Buhari, from Sehl b. Sa’d; Müslim, from Ebu Hureyre (r.a)

(74) See Ascension in Man

The traveler of God should not be a close friend with greedy rich people and he must stay away from them.

God says in the Koran:

“Men kane yüridü hars’el ahireti nezid lehu fi harsihi ve men kane yüridü harse’sddünya nü’tihi minha vema lehu fi’l ahireti minnasib - Whoever seeks the harvest of the world to come, to him We will give in great abundance; and whoever desires the harvest of this world, a share of it shall be his, but in the hereafter he shall have no share at all.” (Al-Shura, 20)

This verse is obvious. The rich who desire this world very much have no share from the Next World. His share is being cut off. Therefore, a person whose share has been cut off from the Next World (The world of Divine Light) is considered to have been driven away or expelled from God like Satan.

Can a traveler of God, who believes in God, become a friend of the rich, who desire the world very much and who is away from God?

Is the fondness of the world, the strong desire of property and wealth? According to the Glorious Koran, such a person is being driven away from God and his share or lot from the Next World or from the Paradise is being cut off. To be a friend of such a person, who is not deserving of Heaven, affects others with his ideas and tendency. They become worldly- minded like him at the end.

To stay away from a person who is away from God is one’s duty and cleverness.

Man of the world makes people worldly- minded.

Man of Allah makes people man of Allah.

Our great Prophet (a.s.v.) said:

“A person dies in the religion of his friend.” (75)

Each bird flies with its own kind.”

The Koran has clearly written about the existence of the rich and the poor. This is confirmed with most verses of the Koran. (76) This subject has already been thoroughly explained in this book, in the chapter: “Good Morality”. We shall write some more details on it:

“The upper class (the influential men) is the arch-transgressors of that town, like in Mecca. They scheme against people within its walls. But they scheme only against themselves, though they may not perceive it.” (Al-An’am, 123)

“The reason of all the wickedness is the love of the world.”

(77)

The above verse and hadith say like his. We wonder what our aristocrats and the upper class say about these clear Islamic realities? What do our theological scholars (we consider those among them that defend people and the Next World free from this) who are friends with them and who defend them at the pulpits of the mosques and who also support them, say?

I wish socialists would be mystics and the supporters of metaphysics and freedom.

(75) From Abu Hurayra (r.a.)

Riyazü’ssalihin, Nevevi, p. 281, Bedir Publication, 1974-İstanbul

See also Abu Davud-Thirmizi

(76) See the Holy Koran: Al-Hajj: 28, Al-Tawbah: 60, Al-Hashr: 8, Al-Ahkaf: 26, The Imrans: 10

(77) From Ibn Ebi’d Dünya and Beyhaki Hasan, Ghazzali İhya: vol.3, p.454 Bedir Publ. 1974-İst

See also Ajluni, K. Hafa, vol. 1 p. 344 H.1099, A. Kari, Mevzuatü’l Kübra, H. 163

Then the systems of Pharaoh that made humanity suffer for centuries would soon be over. But what a pity that they defend people, labor and social justice but when the biggest truth is mentioned, they deny the infinite existence God, who created them, and who is scholar and glorious!

He who denies Allah can never defend people and labor. The real populists are Mawlana, Yunus and the similar mystics.

Mawlana says: “While my ayran is in my copper cup, I never think about the honey of others. Let my all material things be yours but I can never give up my freedom” (78). Mawlana, the lover, the friend, the faithful! Mawlana says like this as all the friends of God do. This characteristic is seen in all the Friends of God, who are the great mystics, and in all the Sufis because they are religious, humanist, populists and the supporters of freedom.

Greetings to them! To those who obey them and who love them!

The democracy regime may be criticized by dictators, by revolutionist socialists, by fascists, by nationalists and by those who are the supporters of monarchy. But in today’s world and in this situation, nobody can deny the reality that multi-party parliamentary system is the biggest guarantee of freedom. What we consider most is the freedom of thought and belief and the freedom of spreading them using all kinds of means.

An individual should also be given the freedom of choosing his job and leaving his job whenever he wants and the freedom of seeking his rights. Human is a human as long as he has these rights or else what makes a difference between a human being and a living -being which is made to work and managed by others?

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(78) Rubailer, M Kafiyesi, p. 144, 45th Rubai.

Man can attain economical freedom (even if it happens late) in the democratic regime that involves the freedoms I listed above. The greatest guarantee of it is the democratic system that the opposition parties can also take part in. Beyond this is a theory! In other words, they are the theories and philosophies that cannot be put in practice and the unproved ideas and demagogueries.

Man must be free in order to be a different creature from an animal. The most certain and valid guarantee of freedom in today’s world is the multi-party democratic system, which is Republic.

Mankind may do his evolution in the following centuries and he will find a stronger guarantee of freedom. Yet, we are not in that phase of Physics and mind now. We live our era and we have to obey the time.

“Külle yevmi’n hüve fi şa’n - O Muhammad! Your Lord is in a glory (in an evolution) every instant.” (Al-Rahman, 29)

The above verse confirms our subject. (79)

God is infinite. Then, the evolution or the progress in man and in nature is also infinite.

We consider for the time being because we are living it. (80)

(79) Islam commands consultation. This shows that Islam pays importance to human and human mind. Mind can constantly produce thoughts and this is the evolution of mind.

(80) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant should respect faithful old people and be compassionate to small children.

The traveler of God must be respectful to the old and be compassionate to the small children. A young Muslim must respect an old person, as he is an elder and a mature person.

But, the old should bear the qualities of being elder and mature. If an old person is not mature but if he is ignorant and immoral, he cannot be shown respect because the respect is for the mature and great person.

A person who has good morality and faith is mature. An immoral and faithless person is not considered even as a human being no matter how old he is. The respect and love is actually for the human being who is mature and who behaves humanly. Respecting and loving the one who is not mature and who behaves immorally is an insult towards good mannered, real human beings. Mawlana Jalaladdin-i Rumi says:

“An unripe grape does not become a ripe grape if it remains under the shadow of a rock for 40 years unless it exposes to direct sunlight.”

Even if a person’s hair and beard turn white and even if he is very old, he is not accepted as an old person unless he has good manners. Such an old person is only shown mercy since he is in need of help. Showing compassion and respect are different things.

The aspirant should be affectionate and love those who are younger than him.

The more the children are loved and shown compassion, the more they respect their elders. When they are not loved and not treated kindly, they part from them and this shakes the society and causes other problems.

Departing from elders causes astray. When children start to hate their elders and depart from them, they deny all the realities and beauties they say. They resist against them. He is affected by other foreign ideas. He attempts to deny his own family and all his history that come with them. This is another bad result. What materialists try to do is this! They call it “the change of sub-construction”. The aim of materialist socialists is to change the historical heritage and culture.

If they are successful once, the rest is very easy for them. Trying to depart a young person from his family, which is his history, his past, means to do culture revolution. When this is succeeded, an armed resistance starts and they become successful in a very short time. What is difficult for revolutionist socialists is the culture revolution but not the armed resistance.

So, by being aware of these realities, faithful people must learn their Religion, their History as purified from false beliefs and teach them to young people. They must love children and young people and make them obey their elders (history) with respect.

Only teaching is not sufficient. We should gain the respect of young people as well. Young people should not hate their elders. We must teach our children our historical realities through love and respect.

We have to deal with the problems of youth. We must show understanding towards them ignoring their trifle faults because we had similar problems in the past. We wanted our parents to be affectionate, understanding and forgiving towards us. We would show reactions if we did not see what we expected from them. We must act by knowing this fact and similar facts. We must be respectful towards our elders and treat children and young people affectionately.

If we do not do these, if everybody is busy with his own affairs and if we do not take necessary precautions in order not to lose them but if we give more importance to money and property, we may meet the painful truth today or another day.

We are writing these but I know that the rich do not have such aims. They are thinking and trying to maintain their personal, happy life, as we all know and according to the general opinion of society. A rich person is planning either to deceive a man or to take his money and family abroad in case of a danger.

What a shame! What a pity! Shame on those that think only his self in this short, temporary world! Can those rich people who do not care about general happiness of society, who do not do necessary self-sacrifice be called as Muslims?

The Koran says for them: “O Muhammad! As in Mecca, the upper class (the influential men) is the arch-transgressors, the most sinful people of that place.” (Al-An’am, 123)

What else we should have said? (81)

(81) (See Ascension in Man)

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The aspirant should not act unjustly. He will not separate from the truth and he should try to warn his friends concerning this matter.

The aspirant should not commit an unfair act. Can a person who says that he is in the Path of God and he is a man of God do a wrong act? How can he depart from the truth and reality? How can he consent to unfair behaviors around him?

“HAQ” (Truth) which Mehmet Akif puts into words as follows, is very great and very beautiful indeed:

“God’s names are infinite, the first being Haq-justice…

What a great thing for believers to be able to uphold Haq-this!”

Law or Justice means rights. The person who does not obey the laws is considered doing wrong acts. A person who has a little humanity in himself cannot accept injustice. If he accepts it or if he ignores it, he cannot be called even as a human not only a Muslim.

Truth is above everything because truth-justice is the quality of the Creator. Man is also created in the qualities of his Creator. If this quality does not exist in a person, he is not accepted as a human.

A person who does not do injustice firstly consents to the truth and his rights. He who consents to his right does not long to possess the rights of others. To be fair and to struggle against injustice starts by consenting to one’s own right. If everybody consents to their rights then there will be no injustice.

All the injustice is caused by one’s not consenting to his rights. If everybody wants an apartment, it means that the individuals of that society want more than their rights. This is an unfair and unusual desire. Yet, everybody has a right to own a house where his family can reside and a suitable work for himself. This is very normal.

If an apprentice wants a master worker’s fee and a laborer wants an engineer’s fee, it is an unfair demand. Obeying rights start by consenting to your right.

The aspirant should especially know the subject concerning “Haq” very well. He should not do an unfair act himself. He must not depart from the truth and warn his friends about it. If everyone acts in this way, there will be no injustice.

Islam attaches great importance to the rights of individuals. Islam applies the rule: “The right of God (Hakkullah) may be forgiven but the right of individuals is not forgiven unless that person forgives. If a person does not forgive someone, God will not forgive either.

Then, Islam is based on completely truth and reality. The truth and the rights are the most important things in Islam as Islam is Truth (Justice) itself.

The relations between people can only be fortified with Truth because the opposite of truth is falsehood and tyranny. Falsehood and tyranny may lead a nation to be perished. None of the nations has maintained their existence under tyranny.

“David! We have made you Master (a Deputy) in the land in the name of God. Rule with justice among men.” (Sad, 26)

The above verse apparently shows what the duty of man and the Master or Deputy (state) is. It also shows that people can live in peace by the help of truth and law order and the relations between people can only be fortified by the protection of the rights of people.

So, Islam reports that people can live peacefully only by the protection of the rights of people and then they can be in accordance with each-other. It says that people can love each other and establish unity and cooperation only by means of it. Obeying the truth is the foremost quality of Islam.

When the meaning of the word “Islam” is searched, it is seen that it means submitting the truth, accepting the truth. Muslim also means the person who submits, who accepts the truth.

How happy are those who accept ISLAM as a religion and who support the Truth.

“Innedine indallahi’l ISLAM- The only true faith in God’s sight is Islam (to accept the Truth).” (The Imrans, 19)

Thus, a Muslim is a realist. He is the one who seeks the Truth, who finds the Truth, who respects the Truth, who loves the Truth very much and protects it.

He does not depart from the Truth, from Justice even if they divide his body into parts.

He is in the path of Hero Husayn “The Martyr of Karbala”, who preferred to die with honor instead of living in degradation. He is like Husayn.

He has learned from the beloved grandson of the Great Prophet (a.s.v.) to die bravely, if necessary, by resisting against the cruel who are the enemies of the truth and freedom.

“Can a person who touched you with a rose hope to be forgiven?

“O Husayn, you are Mustafa, who is the palace of rose garden.”

A real Muslim is in the path of Husayn, who is the lover of truth and freedom and who proved it perfectly by giving his soul for the sake of them.

“Hakka ki bina-i la ilahe illallah’est Huseyn.”

“The truth is that Husain is the monument of “La ilahe illallah”.

Sayyid Muiniddin-i Chesdi

The aspirant should be upright and fair in dealing divisions.

The follower of God must be honest or steadfast.

Honesty takes the first place in place in Islam. The man of God is honest. He is in the path of honesty because honesty is the attribution of God. One of the beautiful names of God is “Ya Mustakim- Honest”. God says in the Koran which is His last Book:

“Those that say: “Our Lord is Allah” and follow “the straight path” shall have nothing to fear or regret.” (Al-Ahqaf, 13)

So, the person who says his Lord is Allah is honest or steadfast. He is correct in his belief, correct in his speech, correct in his work and correct in all his behaviors and manners.

How beautiful is the following proverb: “The straight wall does not fall down.” God is firstly the helper of a steadfast person.

God is honest and He likes His honest slaves. He protects the upright, honest and correct people. He helps him in all the hardship he faces.He eventually saves him provided that he is firm in honesty and does not leave the steadfastness whatever is done to him.

We must always keep the following lines of Ziya Pasha in mind:

“Loyalty suits a man even if he feels disgusted

Hz. Allah is the helper of the steadfast.”

Another poet of us says:

“Be steadfast! Hz. Allah will help you!”

The follower of God should be very just in dealing divisions because justice is also an attribution of Allah. “Ya Adl - The Just”.

The person who believes in God should also have this quality. If a Muslim does not have the qualities of steadfastness and justice, he cannot be regarded as a Muslim because the opposite of steadfastness is dishonesty and the opposite of justice is injustice. A Muslim can never be dishonest or cruel or he can never support dishonesty or tyranny.

Justice means to give the right back to its owner. Suitability lies in the root of owning a right. Justice means to do everything properly and sufficiently.

Justice means to give horses grass and dogs meat. Giving meat to horses and grass to dogs is tyranny.

Therefore, in the affairs concerning inheritance, Islamic laws do not give anything to inheritors who are not reasonable or in other words, who are mad, foolish, immoral, prodigal (the person who wastes the national income carelessly in bars and in evil ways). They are also made deprived of inheritance and are put under restraint.

The traveler of God must be very just in the affairs of divisions. He must protect the rights of orphans, the handicapped, widows, old parents and of women. He must make those who are absent during division and neighbors benefit from it. This is a commandment of Islam. (82)

In many places of the Koran God says: “Allah loves those who divide (deal) justly.” (83)

These verses show that Allah wants all His slaves to benefit from the favors of Him. Allah, who is Sublime and Just also says: “Those that deny God’s revelations (disbelievers) killed the Prophets and those who preach fair dealing unjustly.” (The Imrans, 21)

By this verse, He remembered those who preach fair dealing together with His Prophets and He reported that the ones who killed the people that wanted fair dealings (who wanted the national income to be divided fairly) were infidels or disbelievers.

The Book of God, the Koran apparently says this. Materialists and so-called dictator socialists (84) must be conscientious referring to this clear the word of God. This feature, which is due to the universal aspect of Islam entitles and protects a definite social justice and humanity.

(82) The related verse in our Holy Book Koran is Al-Nisa-8

(83) Al-Maidah: 42, Al-Hujurat: 9, Al-Mumtahinnah: 8 and other verses

(84) I consider the non-materialist and liberal socialist free from this.

If it is noticed, the religion Marx criticizes is the degenerated religion of the fathers of church who are in cooperation with the upper class. He lost his hope to return to the real religion of Jesus (a.s.) and therefore he had to say “Religion is opium”.

When he said religion, he meant to say the degenerated church “Christianity” which he accepted as “the sovereign power” in 19th century.

O the materialists and socialists! You read the verse from the Koran above. If you have a little sense of justice and impartiality, do be fair and think of this verse!

“O Muhammad! Those who are disbelievers killed the Prophets and the people who ordered fair division unjustly!” (The Imrans, 21)

Think over it again and again and you will definitely feel the obligation of believing that Marx actually intended to refer the Christianity which was degenerated church when he said that religion is opium.

My Muslim Brothers! You also become fair! And read and think of this holy, sublime verse! What does our God says? How does our mullah at the pulpit speak? Allah the Most High says:

“O Muhammad! Those who are disbelievers killed the Prophets and the people who ordered fair division.” (The Imrans, 21) Our Lord Allah remembers the Prophets together with those who ordered the divisions (the division of national income among people justly).

What does our fanatic Mullah say? He either sees or declares everybody, who has the opinion of dividing national income fairly among people, as a communist. Can a person or a Muslim who has searched the great Islam thoroughly or who has reached the tolerance of it speak or think in that way? So, he either does not know what economical view of Islam is or he does not want it himself. He is defending capitalism while he is rebuking communism. The economical view of Islam is of its own kind (original). It is against capitalism and liberalism. (85)

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(85) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant should learn knowledge. Learning knowledge is an Obligatory Duty for all people men or women.

"Ve kül Rabbi zidni ilmen - Say, O Muhammad! Lord, increase my knowledge!" (Tâ Hâ, 114)

Again in the words of the Prophet Moses (Peace be upon him):

"Euzübillahi en ekune mineccahilin - God forbid that I should be so foolish." (Al-Baqarah, 67)

These verses are the evident proofs that show that Islam is based on the knowledge and knowledge is compulsory. The following verse also states that man is a being who can think and it is necessary to think about the creation of the Earth and the Heavens:

"Veyetefekkerune fi halki'ssemavati ve'l ard-Those who are the believers think about (contemplate) the creation of the Heavens and the Earth" (Al-i İmran, 191)

The great Prophet of Islam (a.s.v.) said:

"Learning knowledge (science) is compulsory for everybody, men and women" (86)

Knowledge is two kinds in Islâm and Hazrat Ali, who is the door of Knowledge, explains it as follows: (87)

"El ilmü ilman: İlmü'l edyan, ilmü'l ebdan - Knowledge is two folds: The Knowledge of Religion and the Knowledge of Physical things".

These two kinds of knowledge are based on "Spirit and Intellect". Another name of the Spirit is "Intellect" actually. This is the first and the greatest Spirit of Muhammad - the Universal Intellect or the Universal Spirit. The Prophet Muhammad (a.s.v.) has an Intellect just like the Sun, the others are like the stars. Some of the stars are bright and some are weak.

___________________________________________________________(86) From Hz. Enes (r.a.); Ibn Mace, Ghazzali, İhya-i Ulum, vol. 1, Bedir Publ. İst.

(87) Our Most High Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “I am the city of knowledge and Ali is the gate to it.” (From Ibn Abbas, Thirmizi, Sahih, vol.2, p.399, Camiussağir, vol.1, p.108 and others)

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Bright stars symbolize the people who have bright Spirits and Intellects.

Islâm attaches great importance to Intellect. Hazrat Ali, the greatest religious leader and the scholar of Islâm, said: "Religion is Intellect" because Islâm does not consider those who are not intelligent responsible (compulsory). Islâm is for the intelligent people, it does not give those who are not intelligent responsibility.

Yet, Rationalism, in the way the Western people understand, does not exist in Islam. Rationalism in which the Universal Intellect is accepted is approved. Islâm refuses solving everything using the partial intellect. Islâm accepts "Revelations and the Perfected Spirit" because only the Perfected Spirit or Perfected Intellect can acquire the Knowledge of God (revelations).

"Ünzile biilmi'llah - God's knowledge is being revealed." (Hud, 14)

It is clarified with this Koran verse above.

When Spirit becomes perfected, Intellect becomes perfected too. The more they become perfected, the more they acquire and reach the High Knowledge of God-Wisdom, Gnosis. On the other hand, Islâm accepts, supports and encourages that the physical sciences can be learnt using the Partial (normal) Intellect. Islâm does not accept "dogma" (88) in physical sciences and refuses the fixed ideas. It is confirmed with the following verse and with the tradition of the Prophet (a.s.v.):

"Külli şey'in sebaba - Everything has a reason." (Al-Kahf, 84)

"Allah created the Heavens and the Earth. He sent down water from the sky and He brought forth fruits for your sustenance." (Abraham, 32)

God apparently says that everything has a reason. When the reasons of all things are searched, positive science is born. In the verse above, He also says that He sent down water from the sky and brought down fruits for us to eat; He teaches us how fruit is formed and says that he sends down water and as a result, the fruits are forming on the Earth. He tells us the causes of things stating that everything has a reason. Our dear Prophet also said:

(88) Dogma: An important belief or set of beliefs that people are expected to accept without question.

Our dear Prophet also said:

"You should make the gun of your enemy." (89)

The Exalted Hz. Ali (k.v.) said: "Bring up your children in accordance with their era."

We want to ask where "dogma" is in these opinions.

Islâm has set everything properly. Islâm only claims that the existence of God, Spirits, Angels and the other metaphysical matters cannot be solved and learnt with the Partial Intellect but they can be solved with only "divine thought" or with the "Philosophy of Islâmic Mysticism (Sufism)”.

The partial Intellect will get help from the Universal Intellect same as the Stars get energy from the Sun. In fact, the partial intellect is a spark from the Universal Intellect as the stars are a spark of the Sun. The Partial Intellect cannot and will not solve the metaphysical realities unless it becomes perfected by getting energy from the Universal Intellect in spite of being a part of it.

Metaphysical realities are learnt with Divine Messages. The Partial Intellect cannot solve the difficult subjects such as Existence-Non Existence, Eternity (having no end and no beginning), non -existing from absence, the infinity of Existence etc. They are important and great realities, and whoever is just and fair accepts these realities. (90)

The compulsory knowledge which should be learnt in Islâm is first of all "God (Lord), the worlds of Spirits and Angels" (91), the latter to learn is the knowledge of Religious Law in order to worship which is written in catechism (İlmühal) and which is also very easy to learn. Next comes the physical knowledge called "Science" in Islâm.

(89) From Ukbe b. Amir, Müslim, Ahmed b. Hanbel, Ibn Mace

250 Hadiths, A. Himmet Berki, Diy. İşl. Bşk Yrd.

(90) For Further information: “İslam’da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending)” by Kazım Yardımcı, 1988 İzmir- Doğan dağıtım-Malatya

(91) The Lord, the Spirit, Angels, the Heaven-the Hell can only be learnt by “divine messages”. Islam accepts the function of intelligence in physical realities but metaphysical realities are left to the Prophet.

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It is necessary to learn them in order to maintain the existence of society. The Religion of Islam entrusted the government and the administrators with the teaching scientific knowledge to individuals.

Islâm does not force anybody to learn the Canonical Law (Fıkıh) as it takes a long time to learn it. There is no such a rule that everybody will be an expert of the Canonical Law of Islâm. If everybody were interested in Islamic Law for twenty years, the society would not be able to develop the other working fields then. Yet, a lot more work and effort is required in trade, in art and in agriculture...etc. to maintain the life of the society for human beings.

It is adequate to be learnt the Canonical Jurisprudence by a certain group of society but it is obligatory for everybody to learn the Knowledge of God because He created this Universe and human beings in order to be known (92) and this is possible only by means of the Islamic Knowledge of Sufism.

This Knowledge is also called "The Knowledge of Men Araf" (93). It is based on "Divine Love and contemplation" and learnt with the help of the Supreme Spirit by making contact with the Universal Intellect but not through reading and writing on a book. The Supreme Spirit is the pen of God and it is possible to read the writings of the Pen of God in the mirror of heart and Spirit. The Metaphysical Realities cannot be solved using the Partial Intellect.

The following poem from Yunus Emre is a warning to those that learn God (spiritual realities) just by reading books or who think that they are a scholar because of knowing the Islamic Law. It is also an invitation to the obligatory knowledge -Sufism (Metaphysics):

“Knowledge is to understand

To understand who you are. If you know not who you are

What's the use of learning?” or

“Knowledge means to know the knowledge

The knowledge is to know yourself

However, you have not learnt yourself

After reading a lot of books!”

May God be pleased with Yunus Emre and with those who are like him and May God not separate them from us secretly or apparently!

(92) A Sacred Tradition: Sources: Kashf’ul Hafa, Ajluni, vol.2 p.132 Hadith: 2016

A. Kari, el Esrarül fi’l Ahbar’il Mevdua Hadith: 353, p.273

(93) “Men arefe nefsehu, fe kad arafe Rabbehu - He who knows himself knows His Lord.”

(Binbir Hadis, by Şemseddin Yeşil, 1963, İst. P.212 and others)

"Adam is the mirror of God" (94) If Adam does not exist, God is not known! You should learn your God in that mirror but not in books or in note -books.

"Look for Adam (man), find Adam,

Be Adam with Adam!"

Pay attention to the following saying of Niyazi Mısri, who is a great Turkish Wali (a friend of God):

"Be wise so that you may get rid of the fire of ignorance!"

The strict Rationalists of the philosophers claim that they can solve the metaphysical matters using Logic -reasoning.

They accept that the only way to find both physical and metaphysical realities is using "Intellect-Logic". They refuse Divine Messages and the Universal Intellect as a result, they refuse Divine Messengers-Prophets, Saints, Walis and they call this as "Rationalism".

Sufis agree that the physical knowledge can be understood with the partial Intellect (practical intellect) and they accept the role of Intellect in Physical Science and in Religious Law, but they claim that the metaphysical realities (God, Spirit, Angels, Jinnees, Satan, Paradise, Hell etc.) as well as their qualities and attributes cannot be learnt using practical intellect and the practical intelligence cannot get rid of hypothesis, suspicions and guesses. Sufis claim that all these metaphysical realities can be known with Divine Messages -revelations.

(94) “Allah the Most High created Adam in His own image.” (It is narrated by Muslim from Abu Hurayra, Buhari, Ahmad b. Hanbel)

Musned, 2/244, Keşfu’l Hafa; See also Ihya from Ghazzali, vol.2, p.417

Metaphysical scholars are also dogmatic. They accept what the Divine messengers, Prophets and their heirs "the Friends of God (Walis)" say and transmit and they are logical because they also accept and agree with the Role of Intellect in the Knowledge of Law and Physics.

In metaphysical matters, rationalism is the path of “philosophers” and divine revelation is the path of “Sufis”.

To deny Divine Messages is to deny the Prophecy. May Allah protect mankind!

Rationalism and Intellect should not be confused with each other and cause the confusion of concepts. Rationalism means not to accept Divine Messages and the Prophets and to use the intellect as the only means of learning realities. Unfortunately, being against rationalism is shown as if refusing intellect.

Islam (Sufism) believes both intellect and the Universal intellect (Holy Spirit) and claims that metaphysical realities can be learnt with divine messages.

Physical Sciences are concerned with the partial-practical intellect; spiritual-metaphysical realities are entrusted to the Prophets, who are divine Messengers. A great deal of scientific and interesting opinions are met when the Holy books "the Koran, the Torah, the Bible and the Psalms of David and the books of Sufis as well as 28 Prophets are searched and studied carefully. They contain the knowledge that comforts and contents the brain (intellect) and heart. The most satisfactory knowledge about metaphysical realities is found in the books of Divine messengers - Prophets and Wise Sufi Saints.

More satisfactory and stronger ideas than the opinions of the philosophers on metaphysical realities are in the Holy Books.

Divine messengers do not force people to believe in them, they leave it to their free conscious (free will).They admit that those realities are told them by God and they do not find them using their partial intelligence. "Lâ ikrahe fiddin -There is no compulsion in religion." (Al-Baqarah, 256) (95)

(95) See Ascension in Man

The heart of the aspirant must be rich.

Richness means having wealth. What exists in reality is the Divine Light. If something is not divine light, it does not exist. It is an imaginary existence, a shadow existence. Shadow is temporary, light is permanent. Divine light is Haq (Truth). It is superior. Nobody can step on it. For example, light cannot be stepped on. It is seen that light remains under the feet of the person who wants to step on it. It is easy to try it. Let a person rise his feet and step on the sunlight or electric light, he will see that he cannot step on the light. Light is not under his feet. Light is on his feet. His feet stay under the light.

Haq or the truth is like this. Whoever intends to tread it under foot, he will not succeed it. Haq eventually shows its superiority. He accepts this fact if he believes in science even a little bit. We have nothing to say to the ignorant anyway.

Since the real existence is divine light, the heart and the mind of a human being should be a treasure that is full of with the divine lights of God’s knowledge, unity, wisdom and love. His heart should be rich.

The person whose heart is rich attains a very exalted personality. The material or shadow existence never affects him. He is very determined when he does not have it. Wealth does not mean anything for him.

Wealth is necessary for society because Islam requires a very powerful community. The state must be very rich in order to enable social balance and against the foreign enemies because social unbalance causes social explosions. Social explosions cause disorders and mischief (anarchy).

Anarchy ruins the state. When the state is ruined, Islam loses its universal feature. Haq weakens but falsehood becomes strong.

Islam is Haq (truth). It means to submit the truth, to accept the truth. When truth does not exist or it is weak, falsehood (wrong opinions) exists.

Therefore, according to Islam, the state has undertaken the duty of the protection of sacred truths. In addition, Islamic state must be very powerful. It does not accept a superior force or forces against it.

For this reason, it intervenes. Islam does not accept any sovereign power that is stronger than it or that can intervene in order to apply its rules fearlessly and disregarding the sake of others. Such a powerful state can be established with the sacrifices of real human beings who are not selfish and who do not make material things or worldly life an idol.

The heart of a true Muslim is rich. His heart is happy as it attracts the attention of his God. The remembrance of God and the divine light of His remembrance create thousands of rose gardens.

His pleasure is hearty. It is the pleasure of the heart, in other words: he is heartily happy. His heart is always happy with the comfort and happiness of divine richness. His face is not frowned but it is lighted, clear and pure. His eyes shine with joy and they are shiny. His words are serious and correct.

He does not work for himself. He works physically to protect the Koran, which God entrusted him, and the sacred values. He tries to keep them alive. He spends all his wealth and all his labor in this way. He works, earns money and gives them to his government and to his community.

He desires the state and the society to be well balanced. He knows that if the state is not powerful and the society is not in an economical balance, there is disorder and mischief (anarchy). Anarchy weakens the state and it may even overthrow it. If the state weakens, Islam also weakens. If the state is overthrown, Islam may be overthrown. (God Forbid!)

Because of enemy attacks, mosques may turn into churches or nightclubs. They may destroy Islamic culture by annihilating all the Islamic knowledge same as Hulagu had done in Baghdad. (96)

Yet we have a belief. Even it is weakened; the religion of Muhammad (a.s.v.) will survive until the Resurrection Day.

If we do not protect it, the other servants of God will keep it alive because we are not the only servants of God. God says:

“You were also in monstrous error. I guided you to the right path.” (The Imrans, 164)

(96) Hulagu (1217-1265), the founder of Mongol-İlkhanid State, is one of the most blood-shedding kings which history recorded. When he put an end to Abbasid Empire and conquered Baghdad, Tigris River was flowing in red-black color due to the blood of people and the ashes of the books.

(97) See Ascension in Man

The Follower of God must believe very firmly that Allah is “One”. He will never doubt it.

The follower of God must exactly believe the oneness, the unity of God and he will not doubt. God is the existence Himself. There is no other existence except God.

The objective world consists of the manifestations or the signs of God. The Universe and nature are the manifestation, the sign or the shadow of God. The origin of all things is atom. The origin of atom is the light that carries a great energy and electricity. When we split the Universe into its atoms and when we split the atom itself, we meet an infinite power in an infinite light. There is nothing left except light. That is to say: One thing is left. Unity takes the place of Plurality.

The essence, the source of this Divine light is God, who is eternal in the past, eternal in the future or who has no beginning, no end, no limit and no finishing point and who is limitless, enormous Divine Light.

For, absence (non-existence) does not exist. As there is no concept called “absence”, the existence has no limit or boundary. Existence is infinite and this is Divinity or Deity.

Since the existence (God) has no limit and there is no concept as “absence-nothingness”, the existence of God or of existence is compulsory same as the non-existence of absence is compulsory.

As the infinity of God is proved, God (existence) is “One” and “Unique”. He is “Peerless One” because there cannot be two infinite existences. In this case, Allah (God), who is the infinite existence, in other word, Allah (God), who is the existence Himself is definitely “One”. He is peerless one.

Things are one by one but they have peers or similarities. As God (The real existence), who is the essence, the source of things is infinite and limitless, has no match and He is peerless one. Haq (Truth) is One and peerless.

“Hüve’l evvelü ve’l ahirü vezzahirü ve’l batın-He is the first and the last, the seen and unseen.” (Al-Hadid, 3)

“Leyse kemislihi şey”ün- Nothing can be compared to God.” (Al-Shura, 11)

How can the things be equal to Him, who is All?

“Lemyekün lehu küfüven ahad - None is equal to Him.” (Al-Ikhlas, 4)

The Prophet (a.s.v.) had definitely reported in the Koran 1400 years ago that everything is God, everything is the sign of God, God is infinite, nothing is equal to God, who is the absolute existence and the source of beings,

“Ela innehu bikülli şey’in muhit - Surely God has encompassed everything.” (Fussilat, 54)

Everything will be perished but God, who is the Absolute Existence, will remain eternal.

“Küllü şey’in haliku’n illa vechehu - All things shall perish except the face of God (the Absolute Existence God or the Person of God, who is the essence of existence.)” (Al-Kassas, 88)

He also reported that God is in a glory, in a manifestation (in an action) every instant and God is not a static being but He is dynamic and lively:

“Külle yevm’in hüve fi şa’n - God is in an action, in a glory every moment (He is always active).” (Al-Rahman, 29)

Everything in nature is in an order and everything is based on a reason:

“Küllü şey’in sebaba - Everything has a reason.” (Al-Kahf, 84)

And everything has a negative:

“Ve innehu halaka’zzevceyni’zzekere ve’l ünsa - Surely He-God has created the positive and negative of all things.” (Al-Najm, 45)

“He has encompassed all things.” (Al-Fussilat, 54)

“He is the first and the last, the seen and the unseen (He is the one who exists) and He knows everything.” (Al-Hadid, 3)

He said definitely in the Koran that God is Scholar and Wise and he is a great artist or He is the artist of the Universe. (98)

“İnnellahe yebdeül halke sümme yüiduhu - Surely God is the source, the origin of every creature and every creature will return to God at the end.” (Al-Yunus, 4 / Al- Ankabut, 19)

“İnna lilllahi ve inna ileyhi raciun - We are from Allah and To Him we shall return.” (Al-Baqarah, 156)

Here is the dialectic in nature and here is how the Koran reported it 1400 years ago!

“Innehu halaka’zzevceyni’zzekkere ve’l ünsa - Surely Allah created all things as negative and positive.” (Al-Najm, 45)

Today, it is known that even an atom is created from proton (positron), which is positive and electron. (99) Objects and nature has become complete by the unity of opposites. The constant war of opposites will not end. In this war, one opposite side is dominant on other side. It is clear that the life of nature, beings, individuals and society continue in this way.

(98) See the Glorious Koran: Al-Naml: 88 / Al-An’am:83, 96 / Al-Tawbah: 15, 28

Our Great Prophet says on this matter:

“İnnallahe Taala saniü külli saniin - Surely Allah is the artist of each artist and of the works of artists”

Buhari, Kunuzu’l Hakaik, from 500 Hadiths

(99) Electron: the small particles that move round the nucleus of an atom and that carry negative charge.

Proton: the particles that carry positive charge and that forms the nucleus

Positron: the electron that has positive charge (Encyclopedia Life, vol.1 the article about atom)

The Koran and Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) had reported the dialectic in nature 1400 years ago and Allah says that He has created man and nature with His two hands:

“Yedeyillah - The two hands of God” (Al-Hujurat, 1)

God (existence) is One and His hands (manifestations) are two.

“Zü’l celali ve’l ikram- God is very majestic and very glorious.” (Al-Rahman, 27-28)

“İ’lemu ennallahe şedidü’l ikabi ve ennellahe gafurru’rrahim - Know that God is very forgiving, very merciful and He is compassionate.” (Al-Maidah, 98)

Shortly, God is very “Glorious and Gracious”. (100)

Therefore, there are opposite qualities in the Person of God, who is the peerless one. His person is one and His attributions are assembled in two categories: (101) Wrath-Grace, Wrath-Favor, Anger-Compassion etc…

God clearly and generously explained Himself and His opposite qualities in His Holy Book 1400 years ago to enable us to learn the truth. Today, we can see these opposite qualities in nature. We wonder if Hegel, who is the father of Dialectic, and those who think like him or The Koran and Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.).

The origin of dialectic is in Lahut. (102)

The dialectic in nature is obvious. It is orderly and tends to improve towards good and beautiful.

“He is in a glory, in a manifestation every instant.” (Al-Rahman, 29)

(100) See the Glorious Koran: “Gracious” in Hijr-85, Ahzab-28, 49, Mearij, 5 etc.

“Glorious (Wrathful)” in Rahman-27, 28

(101) Category: All the things that have a relation and similarity among them.

(102) God, the Absolute Existence is One and His attributions are two kinds as “Jalal and Jamal”. The origin of dialectic is divine. “God is one and His hands are two” (Al-Sad, 75) His attributions are in two categories. Therefore, there is the contradiction of Jalal and Jamal, then, dialectic is divine.

Then, God changes through renewing and always beautifying. Therefore, God is making the greatest evolution or radical changes. It is an infinite evolution, constant and radical changes in an infinite evolution (perfection).

It is understood that everything has a negative. Therefore, nothing can be completely perished because when negative is annihilated, positive is also annihilated.

In this circumstance, there cannot be absolute equality. One side cannot annihilate other side. This is impossible and it is contrary to dialectic. Then, what is possible? The possible is not equality but “equivalence”.

One group becomes dominant over another group in social life as it happens in nature and life continues in this way. Yet, there is a reality in social dialectic: If the dominant side is just, there is peace, social morality, beauty and happiness but if the dominant side is oppressive, there is mischief (anarchy), social immorality, various ugliness and dirty entertainments.

The Koran has accepted social divisions:

“Vellezine tüd’ifu - the believers who were oppressed”, “vellezine’stekberu - those who deemed themselves mighty”- in other word, the powerful and happy minority that we call as influential people or upper class who takes sovereign a country’s administration in some places.” (Al-A’raf, 75, Sebe, 32)

God explained very clearly in many verses of the Koran that He does not like influential, rich people and He does not support them. It is proved with the Koran and historical sources that Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) fought against the capitalists of Mecca (The leaders of the tribes). (103)

“Woe to every back-biting slanderer who amasses riches and sedulously hoards them! By no means! He shall be flung to the destroying Flame.” (Chapter Humaza)

(103) Nahl, 22-23 Munafiqun, 5 Ghafir, 76 Fatir, 43, Lokman, 7, Mu’min, 67

“Whoever seeks the harvest of the world to come, to him We will give in great abundance; and whoever desires the harvest of this world, a share of it shall be his; but in the hereafter he shall have no share at all.” (Al-Shura, 20)

“To those that hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in God’s cause, proclaim a woeful punishment. This day will surely come when their treasures shall be heated in the Fire of hell and their foreheads, sides and backs branded with them. Then they will be regretful and say: “We wish, we had earned less and got rid of this torture soon.” (104)

“O Muhammad! Let this property not become the property of the rich.” (Al-Nahl, 7)

God wants everybody to be paid full return of his labor. He says that man will not be given anything but his labor:

“Veenleyse li’l insani illa masea - Everybody will get only his labor.” (Al-Najm, 39)

God loves those who deal justly:

“Vallahu yühibbü’l muksitin - God loves those who do fair divisions.” (Al-Maidah, 42)

“And when it is said to them: ‘Give alms of that which God has given you’, the unbelievers say to the faithful: “Are we to feed those whom God can feed if He chooses? Surely you are in glaring error.” (Ya Sin, 47)

All the people are equal. (105) and they were created from one

(104) See the Glorious Koran: Al-Tawbah, 34-35; Hakka, 27-28

(105) Our Great Prophet says: “Human beings are like the teeth of a comb. They are alike.” (Künüz’ül Hakaik, vol.2, p.185

See also; Hakim, Beyhaki, Camiussağir)

soul (from Adam) (106) and the sons of Adam are noble but only those who fear God and do not commit evil are noble at God’s sight.

“İnne ekremeküm indallahi etkaküm.” (Al-Hujurat, 13)

He says that wealth, positions, ranks cannot give man honor and nobility and nobility is not biological but it comes from Spirit.

Islam abolished social classifications and aristocracy 1400 years ago. Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) pointed and established today’s republic and the assembly of representatives, in other word: the democracy that is for freedom, by not leaving the state to his family and by election, consultation, information and discussion. However, 30 years after our Great Prophet (a.s.v.) the oppressive upper class took over the administration of Islam Communities again. (107)Then, what expected happened and an oppressive system was established in the name of religion and this continued until 1920. There were occasionally some just kings but it is accepted by all the scientists and scholars that the state system after the period of Four Great Caliphs was falsehood. It was not the system Islam approved. There is neither king nor the Institution of Sheikhulislams in Islam (108)

(106) “Men! Have fear of your Lord, who created you from single soul. From that soul He created its mate…” (Al-Nisa, 1)

“Men, We have created you from a male and a female and made you into nations and tribes that you might get to know one another.” (Al-Hujurat, 13)

(107)Our Prophet (a.s.v.) says: The caliphate after me will last 30 years then, the kingdom will start and a rapacious king will take over.”

(From Said b. Cümhan (r.a.) Abu Davud, Thirmizi, Nesei, Tac trans. vol. 1, p.79 Bekir Sadak, ist, 1973

See also Sahih-i Bukhari and Tecrid-i sarih Trans. Diy. İşl. Bşk. Ya.

(108) See also for further information “ISLAMDA MEZHEPLER VE YÜKSELİŞ (RELIGIOUS SECTS IN ISLAM AND ASCENDING)” by Kazim Yardımcı. İzmir, 1988, General Distribution by Doğan Dağıtım - Malatya

The cooperation of the King and the Pope: The administration of aristocrat rich class was seen in the degenerated Christian regimes for hundreds of years.

In Islam, there is no clergyman. (109) Everyone is a man of religion. Fee-paying religious service is in Christianity. The Four Great Caliphs, the Leaders of four great sects, the Twelve Ahl al Bayt Imams, and the scholars of Religion who really follow them did not require any payment for their religious services. The Four Great Caliphs did not have a leader of Religion -Sheikhulislam-. Such a concept like being a sheikhulislam or a leader of religion never exists in Islam. The sultans that were the arrangers of monarchic and oligarchic organization, which is an aristocrat system, established these institutions.

Everybody is a clergyman in Islam. There are only those who teach and learn. This education is free and it is for the sake of God.

In Islam, one who knows must teach what he knows to those who do not know. This is a compulsory duty of him.

Finally, Islam is for development, science and revolution, which supports social equity and social state. That is to say: Islam is surely for freedom.

Nobody can deny that the administration system of the Four Great Caliphs of the Prophet was consisted through election and this government system was based on consultation and discussion.

Islam supports labor and freedom. Those who read the Koran cordially and those who search the Period of the Four Caliphs will approve this. We have nothing to say to those materialists and dictator socialists that pretend not to see these realities. They try to show the system of the King and Pope as a system of Islam. Their system was established after the Prophet, by the cruel Umayyad (except Omar b. Abdulaziz) and continued until 1920. They were in cooperation together with the degenerated men of Religion and religious institutions of the dominant class that has become a means of cruelty on simple, ordinary people living by their own labor. We only say that “May God give them fairness and guide them!

(109) Our Exalted Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “There is no clergyman in Islam”

Ahmed b. Hanbel, vol. 1-226, Darimi, Nizah, bab-3

See also Kimya-i Saadet, by Ghazzali p. 176

This subject: “The unity and oneness of God” has already been explained in our first book “VARLIK (Existence)” in details and according to the scientific realities, to the Glorious Koran and metaphysical realities. It is beneficial to read it.

___________________________________________________________(110) See Ascension in Man

__________________________________________________________

The aspirant must know that Allah created the Universe for our Prophet (a.s.v.) and for worshipping Him.

“Levlake levlake ma halaktu’l cinne ve’l inse - If you were not O Muhammad! I would not have brought genies and men into being.” (111)

“Küntü kenzen mahfiyyen - I was a hidden treasure.” (112)

Allah, who is infinite, enormous Divine Light (radiance) and who exists only Himself and there is nothing and nobody except Him, wished to create the world of plurality (the physical world) in order to make Himself and the Spirit, in other word, the Spirit of Muhammad (a.s.v.) that is praised by God, to be known. God created or made the Spirit and from that Spirit the other beings from a handful Divine Light of Him.

The real existence Allah is the origin-the essence of the world of plurality (physical world) and the world of Unity (Lahut) or He is the origin of all the beings. Allah wants respect, obedience and worship from us. He wants us to exalt Him, to obey Him and to worship Him.

If we say it more openly, He wanted plurality to prostrate before unity or the outer before the inner.

It is already happening like this. The planets are moving around the Sun, the electrons are moving around the proton. They are accepting them and exalting them. Every object moves around its origin and obey it. (113) This is what is natural. If the Sun had not existed, this Universe, the objective world would have been meaningless and the Truth-God would not have been known; if the Sun of Spirit, whose other name is “the Universal Intellect” and who bears the thought and knowledge of God had not existed, the world of humanity would have been meaningless.

(111) Ajluni, vol. 1, p.163

(112) Ajluni, Keshful hafa, vol.2 p. 132 Hadith.2016

A. Kari, el Earar ül Merfua fi’l Ahbar’il Mevdua, H. 353, p.273

(113) See footnote: 115

Allah the Most High created this world and other worlds for His love towards Hz. Muhammad, who is the Sun of Spirituality- the Supreme Spirit, and for making Himself and Him to be known and for the sake of Muhammad (a.s.v.), who is the source of the first and all the Spirits and the true human praised by God.

The name of the Spirit-the Universal Intellect, which is the decree attribution of God, is Muhammad-the One praised by God.

May good and right words and infinite peace be upon Him!

Another name of Him is “Insan-Man-Human”. “Ya Sin - O Man!” (114) He is Mustafa- The one selected by God. (115)

He is in all of us. The spirits in all of us are the sparks of that first, the great Muhammadan Spirit same as the Sun and the stars that are the sparks of it. As the native country of the stars is the Sun, the native country of the Spirits is Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.), who is the first, great universal and Holy Spirit. (116) Muhammad (a.s.v.), who is the Divine Spirit-the Divine Light praised by God, the true human, is the original country of human beings and the father of Spirits. Ebi Mukaddes-The Holy Father. (117) And He, who is the Divine Spiritual Sun and the eternal attribution of God, the Praised Spirit- Muhammad, is the mercy for all the worlds.

“Vema erselnake illa rahmete’n lil alemin - I sent you forth but as a blessing to all humanity (the worlds).” (Al-Anbiyah, 107)

He is like the Sun. He helps everybody and he illuminates everywhere. He protects and He is benevolent and merciful.

(114) See the Koran, 36th Chapter

(115) Why Hz. Muhammad was named as “Mustafa-the one who is chosen or selected” is due to his representing the summit point of the event of “selection” mentioned in the Koran. (By Yaşar Nuri Öztürk “Kendi Sözleriyle Hz. Muhammad, p.22)

(116) Our Exalted Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “The first thing Allah created is my Divine Light (my Spirit).” Ajluni, 1/265

(117) Our Exalted Prophet says: “When Adam was between mud and water, I was even the Prophet.” (Thirmizi, Menakıb-1)

Nevertheless, if those that do not like light turn their back or close their windows with thick curtains, what can the Sun do?

The Prophet is Merciful and Compassionate.

“Laked caeküm Resulin min…… bi’l mü’minine reufu’nrahim- There has come to you an Apostle of your own, one who grieves at your troubles and cares for you; one who is really benevolent and merciful to believers.” (Al-Tawbah, 128)

He is like the Sun. He enters every house without making difference like the Sun. Nevertheless, those creatures that close their windows and prefer darkness cannot benefit from Him. The inner structure of those who are like this is not healthy. Their character is contrary to light like the bats or like the insects that like dirt and dirty smelling and do not like roses and rose scents. This is also a necessity of dialectic same as if night did not exist, the day would not be known and if those who like the darkness did not exist, those who like light and truth would not be known because God is One but His manifestations are in two categories as Jamal (Grace) and Jalal (Wrath). (118)

The duality is in the attributions but not in the Subject. There is no other Subject except God. What exists is He. Other beings are only the manifestations of His beautiful and wrathful attributions.

This is dialectic! The greatest scholar, the Great Spirit Muhammad (a.s.v.) explained and conveyed this 1400 years ago with the permission of God:

“İnnehu haleke’zzevceyni’zzekere ve’l ünsa - God surely created the male (positive) and female (negative) of everything together.” (Al-Najm, 45)

There is no manifestation without a negative. All the contradictions, dualities and opposites are due to this mystery. Then, the opposites will not be annihilated. The maintenance of nature and life is due to the gatherings of these opposites.

If we annihilate one of them completely, the other opposite also becomes annihilated. In this case, how happy are those who know the reality and support the good and the beautiful and those who try to make the truth, the beauty and the goodness to be dominant over falsehood, wickedness and ugliness.

(118) See Footnote 160

As we mentioned before, one of the opposites become dominant over the other opposite and the objective world, social life continue by means of this. None of the opposites can annihilate its opposite or any class because if he annihilates it, it is also annihilated.

It cannot annihilate but it can be superior to it or become in agreement. If an opposite or a class is not dominant over the other opposite or if they do not come to an agreement, there is disagreement between them then. There will be anxiety, mischief and anarchy. (119)

(119) To be superior or to come to an agreement for a good cause. The aim in Islam is always to protect the social peace and to refuse or to prevent anarchy-mischief, duality and separation.

What is correct: As in all the democracies, we should try to make the superiority of justice to be dominant through giving rights to labor, to strike-mass agreements and the rights of trade union and to enable the agreement of labor and capital and to establish the stability and social peace.

The contemporary definition of democracy is the agreement of labor and capital. This is possible. The principles and the theories are very good but what is possible in application is the democracy that is multiparty parliamentary system within the agreement of labor and capital. This democracy is not Islamic but it is the closest system to Islam.

Free marketing economy in Islam is social marketing economy that supports society. This is possible through the constant inspection and the control of the State and Municipality.

The government and municipalities are charged with duty of protecting consumers.

Those who search the Koran, Muhyiddin-i Arabi and Islamic philosophy and Sufism will see that this is the reality.

The Koran and Science are saying like this. Now let us explain what the social and economical view of Islam is on this matter: The Glorious Koran supports laborers and workers. This is proved.

“Each man will be judged by his own labor.” (Al-Najm, 39)

Islam is for the freedom of thought and speech.

“Lealleküm tefekkerun - So that you may give thought or you may reflect upon.” (Al-Baqarah, 219, 266)

“La ikrahe fi’ddin - There is no compulsion in religion.” (Al-Bakhara-256)

“Leküm diniküm veliyedin - (Hz. Muhammad said) You have your religion and I have mine.” (Al-Rahman-29)

Islam is for creativity.

“He is always in a manifestation, in a glory and in an evolution (in a formation).” (Al-Rahman-29)

The aspirant (the follower of God) must love Ahl al Bayt (The Members of the Family of the Prophet)

Our Exalted Lord says:

“İnnema yürüdullahu liyüzhibe ankümürricse Ehl-el Beyt’i ve yütehhireküm tethira- The Household of the Prophet is clean. They are pure. Allah has willed to remove uncleanness from them and to purify them.” (Al-Ahzab-33)

Every Muslim who is a wayfarer of God must certainly love the Household of Hz. Prophet (a.s.v.). Our Exalted Prophet says:

“Love Allah as He feeds you physically and spiritually. Love me as Allah loves me and love my Ahl al Bayt as I love them.” (120)

He who does not love the Household of the Prophet has no faith. To love Ahla-l Bayt is due to faith, for, Ahl al Bayt , in other word: our Masters Hz. Ali, Hz. Fatima, Hz. Hasan and Hz. Husayn (121) are the ones who believe in the Prophet (a.s.v.) completely, who obey him completely, who submit to him completely, who follow him and do his Sunnat (what he did) completely.

Therefore, he who does not love them is considered not to love Hz. Prophet (a.s.v.), his Religion and his path. (122)

The person who does not love the Prophet has no religion and he is an enemy of Allah because he who loves Ahl al Bayt loves the Prophet (a.s.v.) and His religion. There are a lot of hadiths of our Prophet about the superiority and purity of Ahl al Bayt. (123)

(119) From Abdullah b. Abbas (r.a.); “Onların Alemi” by Ahmed al Rufai (r.a.), trans. by A. Akçiçek, Rahmet and Bahar Publications.

Thirmizi, Tac trans. Bekir Sadak, vol.3, p.650 İst. 1973

(120) The Prophet of Allah said: “Ahl al Bayt are Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn. O Lord they are my household!” From Mother Aisha: Müslim, Sünen, vol.5, p.663

(121) “(O Muhammad!) Say: ‘If you love Allah, follow me. Allah will love you and forgive you your sins.” (The Imrans-31)

(122) See most of the hadith studies, the chapters about the Virtues of Ahl al Bayt (Our Masters Hz. Ali, Hasan, Husayn and our Mother Fatima)

The love of Ahl al Bayt is known by mentioning them a lot, by talking about them on condition that you follow the path of the Prophet (a.s.v.) and the Koran firstly.

However, while pretending to be following the Koran and the Sunnat and mentioning Hz. Ali (k.v.) and his holy sons (May peace be upon them!) but defending Muawiyah, who is their foe-enemy, does not agree with the love of Ah al Bayt.

Our Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “I am going and leaving you two “trusts”: The Koran and my Ahl al Bayt.” (123)

One group seems to be supporting the Koran but does not mention Ahl al Bayt and they do not even know the names of the Ahl al Bayt Imams (May peace be upon them!)…

And another group seems to be supporting Ah lal Bayt but do not obey the orders of the Koran and they attempt to deny the commandments of the Koran (such as the ritual prayer, fasting, total ritual ablution etc…)

They are wrong paths. Both of them went astray.

The reality of this: He who loves the Koran does not separate from Ahl al Bayt and he who loves Ahl al Bayt does not separate from the Koran. He who separates goes astray. A bird can fly with two wings. Flying with one wing is impossible.

Said-i Nursi Efendi, who wrote “Hakikat Nurları and Mektubat” mentions about these matters a great deal in his works. He also wrote very openheartedly that Our Prophet (a.s.v.) left us two things and they were the Glorious Koran and Ahl al Bayt and we should not confuse the Battle of the Camel with the Battle of Siffin.

(123) From Zayd b. Sabit; Ahmed b. Hanbel, Müsned vol.3, p.17 Thirmizi

vol.2, p.3018 Suyuti, Camiussağir, Trans. by Abdullah Aydın, vol.2, p.59

See also Abu Hurayra: Suyuti, Camiussağir vol.2, p. 597 See also Taberani and others

He also proved with a hadith in the pages 12 and 124 of Mektubat that the side that killed Ammar (r.a.) was rebellious. (124)

Hz. Ammar bin Yasir (r.a.) was killed by the supporters of Muawiyah. They also killed Veysel Karani and Hz. Abubakir’s son Muhammad (r.a.) at Siffin. (125)

In spite of all the mullahs, Said-i Nursi Efendi explained very courageously and scientifically that the Battle of Camel was a war of ijtihad. He added saying that Hz. Ali ibni Ebi talib (k.v.) made a war of Religion and Caliphate, but Muawiyah İbni Ebi Sufyan and his supporters made a war of Sultanate and Politics and that Siffin was not a battle of ijtihat.

This person even said that the Kings of Umayyad aimed to abolish Islam Religion but it was prevented by our Master Hz. Ali (k.v.). Hz. Ali was the fourth caliph although he was the King of Sainthood due to this because Hz. Abubaqir, Hz. Omar and Hz. Osman (May Allah be pleased with them) would not cope with Muawiyah and that is why Hz. Ali became the fourth caliph.

May Allah be pleased with him and with such scholars of Islam who write the truth openly without fear! His works are really worth reading. I advise them.

He who loves Hz. Ali (k.v.) cannot love Muawiyah; he who does not love Hz. Ali (k.v.) does not have faith. (126)

(124) Our Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “Ammar will certainly be killed by the rebels.” (Buhari, Kitabus-salat; Müslim, Kitabü’l fiten; Thirmizi, Menakib; Müsned, Tabakat etc.)

(125)These matters are written in the Histories of Islam with all the details.

(126) Our great Prophet (a.s.v.) says: “Ali’yyün minni ve ene minhü - Ali is from me and I am from Ali.” From Bera b. Azib (r.a.), Thirmizi, Tac trans. Bekir Sadak, vol.3, p.620

“Whoever I am the Master of Ali is also his Master.” From Zayd b. Erkam (r.a.); Thirmizi, Tac Trans. vol. 3, p.619 Ahmed b. Hanbel, Musned, vol.4, p.281

We have already studied these matters in details under the lights of the verses of the Glorious Koran and Sacred Traditions of our dear Prophet (a.s.v.) and with the explanations of Islam Histories. We examined them and submitted to our respectable readers in our second Book “İslam’da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending)” and “Günahsızlar (The Sinless)”. I advise them.

O Lord! Do not separate us from the sons of Ali!

We are His slaves ever since, from eternity!

(127) See Ascension in Man)

When the aspirant starts his lesson, he will recite Chapter Fatiha firstly for Our Master Hz. Prophet (a.s.v.), our Master the King of Sanctity Aliyyel Murtaza (k.v.) (128), our Masters Hz. Hasan (129), Hz. Husayn (130) and our Masters Ten People deserved for Heaven (131), Hırka-i Piran (132) and Four Great Qutbs (Hz. Sayyid Abdulkadir Gilani (133), Hz. Sayyid Ahmad al Rifai (134), Hz. Sayyid Ahmed al Bedevi (135), Hz. Seyyid İbrahim Dusuki (r.a.) (136) and also for his own Master and he will donate it to their holy and pure spirits.

The value of “Fatiha” is very high and infinite at the sight of these great personalities. The Munificent and Holy Spirits return a gift with a gift.

May the peace, consent and mercy of Allah be upon them! (137)

(128) İmam-i Ali, (k.v.) He was born in the Kaaba. (598-661) His sacred tomb is in Najaf, Iraq.

(129) Imam Hasan: (May Allah spare us to him!) He was born in Madina (625-669) His sacred tomb is in Madina.

(130) Imam Husayn (May Allah spare us to Him!) He was born in Madina. (626-669) His sacred tomb is in Karbala. (Iraq)

(131) Aşere-i Mubaşşara (Ten personalites who are destined for Heaven): Hz. Ali, Hz. Ebubekir, Hz. Ömer, Hz. Osman, Hz. Talha, Hz. Zubayr, Hz. Abdurahman b. Avf, Hz. Sa’d b. Ebi Vakkas, Hz. Said Ibn Zayd, Hz. Ubayda b. Cerrah (May the consent of Allah be upon them!)

(132) They are the Perfect Men who are the continuation of the tariqat starting with Hz. Muhammad Mustafa (s.a.v.)

(133) Sayyid Abdulkadir Gilani (1077-1165) He honored the world in the town Gilan of Baghdad. His sacred tomb is in Baghdad.

(134) Sayyid Ahmed al Rifai: (1118-19, 1182-83) He is from Arz-ul Betayih of Basra. He honored the world in the town Ümmü Ubeyde. His sacred tomb is in Vasit-Iraq.

(135) Sayyid Ahmad al Bedevi: (1179-1276) He honored the world in the province of Dusuk in Egypt.

(136) Sayyid İbrahim al Dusuki (1238-1277-1294?) He honored the world in Dusuk of Egypt. His sacred tomb is in Dusuk (Egypt).

(137) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not disturb believers.

A believer is a brother or a sister. A brother is the person who treats his brother kindly. He does not disturb his brother. A brother who hurts or disturbs his brother and does not share his happiness cannot be accepted as a brother.

“Cling one and all to the rope of Allah and let nothing divide you. Remember the favors Allah has bestowed upon you: how, after your enmity, He united your hearts, so that you are now brothers through His grace; and how He delivered you from the abyss of fire when you stood on the very brink of it.” (The Imrans, 103)

A brother helps his brother’s works. He makes him smile. He knows him as a part of his soul. It is like this in reality too. This is the brotherhood! Beyond this, are impossible promises only or the brothership in words.

If there is no help and love that I have explained above, the brotherhood is damaged. God does not help a community where brotherhood is damaged.

Helping among brothers is possible by showing mutual interest personally but not with ordinary nonsense words. Brotherhood comes true when they regard their benefits or help each other physically and a brother must help his brother not only in happy days but also in hard days. (138)

“İnnemel Mu’minune ihvetün - Believers are brothers.” (Al-Hujurat, 10)

If a person does not help his brother and if he disturbs him, he can never be a good person for other people. (139)

(138) From Enes r.a., Our Holy Prophet (s.a.v.) says: “Two brothers are like two hands. One of them washes the other.” (From Süllemi and Deylemi)

(139) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not break the hearts of believers.

“I can fit neither the earth nor the Heavens. I am in the heart of a believer.” (140)

Even to know this is sufficient. The heart of a believer is like the house of God. It is like the Kaaba.

The heart of the believer is the house built and improved by God.

The heart of the believer is a holy mirror that reflects God. Every Muslim knows this truth. (141)

In this situation, how can a believer’s heart be broken? Therefore, the aspirant or the follower of the Holy Path of God is very careful in this matter. He abstains from breaking hearts as much as he can. He tries to mend the broken hearts.

A heart looks like a bottle. A broken heart cannot turn back to his first state if it is broken same as a bottle.

God Forbid! (142)

(140) The complete Hadith is as follows: “Neither My earth nor My sky could not encompass me yet, only the heart of My faithful, pious believing servant could encompass Me.”

Kırk hadis by Sadreddin Konevi, p. 82, trans. by Harun Ünal Vahdet Publ. 1984- İstanbul

Ajluni, Kashfu’l Hafa vol.2, p.195

(141) “We entrusted Our trust to the Heavens, to the earth, and to the mountains, but they refused the burden and were afraid to receive it. Man undertook to bear it.” (Al-Ahzab, 72)

(142) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant must not give false testimony under influence.

A false testimony is given due to fear, benefit, for the sake of someone or to enmity.

A person does not harm any side by giving false testimony without reason. False testimony damages one of the sides very much and it is a great sin. Allah curses the false witness. There are very frightening verses in the Glorious Koran about this matter. (143)

False testimony can harm lives or properties of one side. It may cause dishonor and bad reputation. Therefore, a rational person does not give false testimony disregarding all the benefits, fears, risks and the danger of being harmed.

We seek refuge in the great help and mercy of Allah from false testimony as from all the wickedness. (144) “Allahümmahfezna….”

O Great Lord, My God! Protect us from such things with Your blessing and mercy! (145)

(143) See the Glorious Koran: Al-Nisa, 135 Al-Maidah, 8 Al-Furqan, 72 and other verses.

(144) According to Islam, in order to accept a witness’s testimony, he must have the following qualities:

a- The witness must be a Muslim

b- He must be free

c- He must be fair-just (his good points must be more than his bad points)

d- He must be an adult

e- He must not be blind

f- He must not be a slanderer

g- He must start his statement saying: “I bear witness….”

(Abdulkadir Karahan, Müslümanlığın Temel Bilgileri, 1968, İst. p.12

(145) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not have alcoholic drinks.

Drinks are the beverages that contain alcohol in them. For example wine is an alcoholic drink which is made by yeasting grapes or other fruit juices using several methods. It is forbidden to drink such drinks that damage the brain.

Drinks damage the conscious of man. A person whose conscious is damaged does evil things. He becomes harmful to himself, to his family and his surrounding. Alcoholic drinks ruined many homes and caused many families to split up.

A person drinks alcohol in order to escape from himself and to forget himself. A person cannot get rid of stress unless he knows himself. He surpasses himself by knowing himself. Then, he gets rid of duality. He becomes happy when he understands and learns that he is not himself but he is one of the signs of Haq and he is Haq. If he knows himself and his Lord separately, he remains in duality or in plurality. He is not in peace. He is comforted when he finds unity-oneness.

A person who does not find this unity, this comfort cannot be happy even if the world is his so he tries to be away from himself and to forget himself. He is trying to compensate it in an easy way by drinking. He wants to be comforted for a temporary time by forgetting himself. However, this is not a solution. It is temporary and the more he drinks the more he dives into darkness.

Real drink is “Wisdom and Love”.

He who does not drink the wine of love cannot get rid of duality and stress.

“Ve sekahüm Rabbühüm şeraben tehura - Their Lord gives them pure wine.” (Al-Insan, 21)

This is the pure wine. This wine cannot be drunk with this hand and these lips. The cup bearer of it is Hz. Imam-ı Ali, (k.v.). It is given to the Spirit with the Holy hand of this Holy King in the inner world. The spirit drinks it. He who drinks it finds the infinite unity, he who does not drink it remains in plurality.

Some people deceive themselves and think that the expressions such as wine, the cup bearer, the beautiful beloved, wine bar are physical or material. It is never like that. Let us explain it as follows: wine bar is the place where the Perfect Man is, the beautiful beloved is Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) and the cup bearer is Hz. Ali (k.v.). Wine is the love of Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.), the passionate love towards him.

Some of them deceive their aspirants and say: “When we get the drinks, we change them and they become pure wine so it is permitted to us.” Such a thing is seen neither in the Prophet (a.s.v.), Hz. Ali (k.v.) nor in one of the well-known Perfect Men of the Friends of God. Drink is the drink in the inner world. The rest of it is nonsense and told in order to confuse ignorant people.

A real aspirant who understands Sufism never drinks alcohol. He does not give any value to that kind of stupidity. He stays away from the drinks and drinking parties. (146)

(146) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not gamble and he will stay away from gambling.

Islam has forbidden gambling and watching gamblers.

“Believers, wine and games of chance, idols and divining arrows are abominations devised by Satan. Avoid them, so that you may prosper. Satan seeks to stir up enmity and hatred among you by means of wine and gambling and to keep you from the remembrance of God and your prayers. Will you not abstain from them?” (Al-Maidah, 90-91

Gambling directs man to irresponsibility and immorality. However, Islam invites people to be responsible and good mannered in society. (147)

Gambling causes to waste time and to be heedless of God. Gambling has ruined many homes and spoiled many nations.

Gambling directs people to make evil plans to earn without working and this does not suit the man praised in the Glorious Koran.

“We created man in the most beautiful image.” (Al-Tin, 4)

Those who taste the pleasure of holy labor never intend to deceive people and exploit them through gambling. (148)

(147) Our Holy Prophet (a.s.v.) said:

“You are all shepherds. You are all responsible. The person who is in charge of society is responsible for the people he administrates. A father is responsible for his children and wife at his house. A mother is responsible for her house.” (Camiussağir, vol.2, p.79

(148) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not have alcoholic drinks.

Drinks are the beverages that contain alcohol in them. For example, wine is an alcoholic drink which is made by yeasting grapes or other fruit juices using several methods. It is forbidden to drink such drinks that damage the brain.

Drinks damage the conscious of man. A person whose conscious is damaged does evil things. He becomes harmful to himself, to his family and his surrounding. Alcoholic drinks ruined many homes and caused many families to split up.

A person drinks alcohol in order to escape from himself and to forget himself. A person cannot get rid of stress unless he knows himself. He surpasses himself by knowing himself. Then, he gets rid of duality. He becomes happy when he understands and learns that he is not himself but he is one of the signs of Haq and he is Haq. If he knows himself and his Lord separately, he remains in duality or in plurality. He is not in peace. He is comforted when he finds unity-oneness.

A person who does not find this unity, this comfort cannot be happy even if the world is his so he tries to be away from himself and to forget himself. He is trying to compensate is in an easy way by drinking. He wants to be comforted for a temporary time by forgetting himself. However, this is not a solution. It is temporary and the more he drinks the more he dives into darkness.

Real drink is “Wisdom and Love”.

He who does not drink the wine of love cannot get rid of duality and stress.

“Ve sekahüm Rabbühüm şeraben tehura - Their Lord gives them pure wine.” (Al-Insan, 21)

This is the pure wine. This wine cannot be drunk with this hand and these lips. The cupbearer of it is Hz. Imam-ı Ali, (k.v.). It is given to the Spirit with the Holy hand of this Holy King in the inner world. The spirit drinks it. He who drinks it finds the infinite unity but he who does not drink it remains in plurality.

Some people deceive themselves and think that the expressions such as wine, the cupbearer, the beautiful beloved, wine bar are physical or material. It is never like that. Let us explain it as follows: wine bar is the place where the Perfect Man is, the beautiful beloved is Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.) and the cupbearer is Hz. Ali (k.v.). Wine is the love of Hz. Muhammad (a.s.v.), the passionate love towards him.

Some of them deceive their aspirants and say: “When we get the drinks, we change them and they become pure wine so it is permitted to us.” Such a thing is seen neither in the Prophet (a.s.v.), Hz. Ali (k.v.) nor in one of the well-known Perfect Men of the Friends of God. Drink is the drink in the inner world. The rest of it is nonsense and told in order to confuse ignorant people.

A real aspirant who understands Sufism never drinks alcohol. He does not give any value to that kind of stupidity. He stays away from the drinks and drinking parties. (14)

(146) See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will not go after lust

This subject has already been explained in the first part of the book. We think that we have given necessary and sufficient explanations there. However, we wanted to write the following Sacred Hadith as it is related to the subject:

A young man came near the Prophet (a.s.v.) and asked:

“O the Prophet of Allah! Will you give me permission for adultery?” The people there shouted, “What rudeness is this?” The Prophet (a.s.v.) said:

“Let this young man come near me!” so the young person approached the Prophet and the Prophet asked:

“Would you like someone to commit adultery with your mother?” The young man:

“May my life be sacrificed to you! O the Prophet! I wouldn’t like it.” The Prophet said:

“Nobody likes his mother to commit adultery with someone same as you do not like.” He continued:

“Would you like your daughter be committed adultery?” He said:

“May my life be sacrificed to you! I wouldn’t like it.” The Prophet (a.s.v.) said:

“People do not like their daughters to be committed adultery like you do not.” He continued asking:

“Would you like sister to commit adultery?” The young man answered: “I wouldn’t like it, O the Prophet of Allah!” The Prophet counted his maternal and paternal aunts, the young man gave the same response and the Prophet repeated the same answer. The Gracious Prophet put his hand on the breast, chest of the young man and said:

“My God! Purify his heart and forgive his sins, protect his chastity and show adultery the ugliest thing of all things and make him hate adultery.”

After this holy pray of the Prophet, there was no worse thing than adultery for the young man. (149)

(149) From Ibn Avf and Abu Umame; Ahmed b. Hanbel

Ghazzali, İhya-u Ulum, vol.2, p.819-820

See Ascension in Man

The aspirant will try to control his carnal desires (self).

Self is like a black smoke that is put into man by God and sentimental like a living being and that has a tendency to wickedness. Self is the source of bestial, wicked feelings or desires.

“Do not think that self is away from wickedness! Self commands wickedness.” (Joseph, 53)

Man is the essence of all things: good or bad. All kinds of physical and spiritual elements exist in man. Spirit is Merciful but self is wrathful. Therefore, our great Lord and dear Prophet have warned us constantly:

“If you want to fight, fight against your self.” (Al- Anqabut, 6)

“Real fighter is the one who fights against his own self.” (150)

Those who do not obey his self attain the happiness of being close to God by passing to the state of his first creation by time. Those who obey the self make Satan, the enemy of man, happy. (151)

On this matter, in “Onların Alemi” (152) by Sayyid Ahmed al Rufai, the great teacher of the Wise (May Allah be pleased with him), it is written as follows:

“You should know very well that the sign of self is trouble and mischief. If you think that all of it is improved and ameliorated, half of it is still bad and it cannot be corrected.”

How beautiful are the words that Beyazid-i Bestami (May Allah be pleased with him!) said. There is remedy in the words of the Friends of God. For this reason, let us listen to his wise sayings:

“I looked at my worships, they were in disorder and complicated then, I had a look at my self. When I searched, I saw that wherever there is a trouble, self is lying under it.

(150) From Fudale b. İbad, Hakim; See also Ibn Habban, Tebarani, Thirmizi

(151) For further information see “VARLIK (EXISTENCE)” by Kazim Yardımcı, the subject “Yedi Nefis-Seven stages of self”, 1974-İst, General Distribution: Doğan Dağıtım-Malatya

(152) Onların Alemi, by Hz. Sayyid Ahmed al Rufai, trans. by A. Akçiçek, p.81-82 İst-1964

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I never found it performing deeds without attributing partners. Yet, Allah would never accept the works done with polytheism. Then, I started to shout at my self: “O the source of evil! For how long will Allah call you to his unity and will you remain with your dirtiness? This trouble of shirq-attributing partners- made me worried too much. I wanted to cross-examine it: I lit a fire. I put the fire of God there, I put ammonia of non-existence in it and I sprinkle the salt of unity on it, then, I beat it with the hammer of the commands and prohibitions of God. I suffered a lot while doing this but I found it in polytheism again, so I said as if I met a great calamity: “We are from God and we shall return to Him.” (Al- Baqarah, 156)

My self did not come to reason with this punishment either. I treated it kindly in case it may be persuaded. I showed it scents of divine blessings and grace. I showed it all kinds of beauties and good deeds. In spite of all the hard work, when I searched it, I found it again in polytheism. Neither treating kindly nor treating badly corrected my self.

Then, I placed him in the corner of the Oneness-Unity of God and started to beat him with the stones of unity. This time I put him under hard conditions, I looked at it as if I was looking at a poor man. I completely lost my hope. I saw it in a state that neither will do well nor do harm to me. I set it loose three times and leave it like that and I remained alone. I turned to my God and prayed: “I am begging you like the praying of a poor man who has nobody except you” and I continued in this way.

When my righteousness was complete, I lost my hope from my self and my pray was accepted just at moment and I recited this pray: “My Lord! Make my self completely forget me!”

How happy are those who become perfected and mature by struggling against their self. May peace be upon them! (153)

(153) See Ascension in Man

THE WAR OF OPPOSITES

Human body was created from earth (clay-molded mud).The essence, the origin of all the things in nature, which are the signs of Jalal and Jamal (beauty and might, wrath) attributes exists in this earth. Because of this, God said:

"I created man from mixed water, We try him." (Al-Insan, 2) He means to say: Which characteristics will be the winner in him? His beautiful characteristics or the wrathful ones?

Dialectic or opposition starts here because opposites are always fighting against each other. An opposite wants to become dominant over the other opposite. If they reach the same, equal powers, they do not suit each other, the war continues and this causes anarchy. If one side increases its power, it becomes dominant and the weak side has to obey the powerful. The opposites become united or combined and enable the peace. If divine attributes are dominant in a person, he becomes "good", if his wrathful attributes rule over him, he becomes a bad person. This dialectic fact or dualism is the same for nature and a society. If the majority of a society consists of good-natured people, goodness is dominant; if morally bad people are in majority, wickedness dominates the society.

They are ruled by either a good or a bad leader. The administrators are either just or cruel. God makes the head in accordance with the body. The body is the majority of society and the head is the government officials. In fact, Hegel (154), who mentioned dialectic in his books, tried to explain the same thing. Hegel said: "when a class dominates the other class, anarchy is prevented, so an order is established and public security becomes possible then" but he did not mean that capital absolutely dominates labor, he tried to explain dialectic reality in nature. If a unity is formed, laborers become powerful and labor becomes dominant over capital. Otherwise, opposites do not suit each other; the same poles repel each other. It is an unchangeable fact.

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(154) Hegel, Friedrich (1770-1831): He is a famous German Philosopher and the founder of "Dialectic Reasoning".

Labor and capital can never be in agreement with each other according to the dialectic in nature.

In spite of all the sayings, the dominant power in the West is capital but not labor. The Westerns apply a Law Order using their technological power they created by exploiting other nations and they detain their own laborers paying them excessive wages. They call it "humanity" or "the Country of Happiness and Comfort". Although they content their laborers and their own families, they make billions of people cry in poverty. Their own citizens deserve justice but other people deserve cruelty and exploitation.

They start to cut down the wages of their laborers or in other words, they start to exploit their own workers, when they are unable to exploit other nations. Their Law and humanity Systems will have to be in great failure because if there is exploitation in a place, there is cruelty and sorrow instead of law and justice because capitalism depends on exploitation and develops with it. This exploitation means the labor of* human beings and the natural and national wealth of the nation.

Why can developed nations not get rid of exploitation? Why are they unable to discharge their cruel dictators or rulers? What is the reason of it?

It is a fact that no force or no dictator is able to endure against a strong, determined, social resistance of a nation, even though they have atomic weapons in their hands. They collapse because none of the cruel administrators and their officials can dare the collective massacre of the nation. If he dares, he will be put into the position of Chavushesku, who used to be the dictator of Romania. (155)

(155) See Muhammed Jesus Adam

THE SYSTEM OF JUST STATE

The reasons of overwhelmed nations’ not resisting against overwhelming powers can be explained as follows:

God established a hierarchy based on economical differences and wanted people to do different works for each other because people need many things but it is impossible to do them alone or without help. He can succeed one or two jobs by himself so he should have one or two jobs. (156)

There are various jobs or crafts that a society requires such as: people are in need of clothes, shoes, food, agricultural products etc. In addition, the intelligence level and the capacity of work differ from one person to another.

God does not want anybody to be in the position that he is not deserved. (157) He does not accept or approve theft, exploitation, violence or overwhelming. He also refuses swindling, cheating, bribery, corruption, dishonesty and collecting precious materials or goods like gold or silver.

He accepts neither the exact equality nor the keen discrimination. (158)

He agrees with the equivalence and approves the return to be taken in accordance with the capacity in labor and thought. This also causes a slight difference among people. Human beings are in need of each other, so they work for each other. A hierarchy is inevitable due to it. This hierarchy turns into a state system in crowded nations. State system requires the system of Justice and it is called the state system, which is based on Justice. Justice is for everybody and it is the main principle of "Law.

(156) "Two water-melons cannot be carried with one hand." (Turkish proverb)

(157) "God judges everybody with his own labor." (Al-Najm, 39)

(158) A-The likes do not suit each other so, the absolute equality is impossible but equivalence is possible.

B- "Let this capital (property) not be the property of the rich!" (Al-Hashr, 7)

(It means it should not be monopolized)

What God wishes is the Just State System based on the Law.

We will not explain the economical system of Islam in details as we have already explained it in our book called "Insanda Yükselme (Ascension in Man)". Our subject is to examine man spiritually and physically. On account of this, we want to clarify the reasons why people are overwhelmed and why they seem quite resigned to be overwhelmed.

Man who consists of a body and spirit needs to know his body, his spirit, his God, who is the essence of nature and Spirit. He wants to learn himself and nature as well as he wants to love His God and His Works. He likes to respect, to please and to serve his God in order to get His consent. (All of them are called "worship")

"I created mankind and genies that they might worship Me." (Al-Dhariyat, 56) True worship is to love God. What else do we expect from this life? How much benefit can we have from it? (159)

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(159) See Ascension in Man by Kazım Yardımcı

THE COMMAND OF COMMON SENSE (TO BE HAPPY)

What must man obey?; Must he obey his Divine Spirit and common sense, which is the attribute of Intellect and His Spirit, or his carnal and instinctive desires and passions of his physical side?

Common sense orders the following:

a) One should have a spouse (wife or husband) in order not to commit adultery.

b) He should have a house or a flat in order to protect his wife and bring up his children.

c) He should have a job in order to have a family and a residence.

Your labor is your capacity to think and your energy *in your arms. You should work and earn money as a return and product of your labor. You should not be greedy because if you get the full return of your labor, you can have a decent residence and a suitable job.

If you obey them, you can live at a subsistence level without begging others and look after your family easily. This is the biggest happiness for a conscious person. (160)

However,

You will neither consent to your labor to be exploited nor desire more than your labor. You should get the return of your labor according to your working capacity. The more you support production, the more you benefit from the consumption. You should not be greedy.

Unfortunately, today, millions of laborers and workers do not want to get the return of their labors but they want to live without working and they obey their carnal desires, greediness, laziness, or other instinctive passions. They long for the luxurious life styles of the rich whereas they should be against it. Some poor workers want to have not only one house but also more than one apartment or high-rise flats. They want the negative. Millions of laborers want to be a "master" (161), a boss or a manager but not a worker or a servant. (162)

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(161) To be the slave (servant) of God

(162) See Muhammad - Jesus - Adam

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COURTEOUS BEHAVIOUR (NOBILITY)

They are looking for the courteous behavior or nobility in the position of an employer not in the working class and they live hoping to be an employer one day. It is impossible for all the people of a society to be rich. They can be workers as well. The difference is in the capacity or suitability.

To be excessively rich is possible by using force or by cheating and exploiting. (163) For this reason, an individual that does not obey his spirit and common sense, but obeys his carnal desires of his body and millions of people that are like him are unable to resist their administrators, who overwhelm them by exploiting because they expect and hope to live like them (like bourgeois) and they are in a dream world. They keep on waiting for years and years. One of them sometimes happens to be rich once in a ten or fifteen years and this encourages the others to wait longer.

Those who want a life-style beyond their labors are continuously overwhelmed and exploited because of not showing consent to human rights and to the return of their labor given to them.

God does not help the community that consists of the people who have unfair and injustice desires. He cannot be blamed for this.

"In no way does God wrong mankind, but men wrong themselves." (Al-Yunus, 44)

No force can endure against a conscious, right, legal and social resistance of the people who only earn with hard work and want to get the full return of his labor. The demand of these right people is accepted. God helps those who seek the Truth and his rights in this way.

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(163) The Most High Prophet Muhammad said: "Surely, the merchants are dissolute and sinning. Then they asked: "O the Prophet, did Allah not accept the trade legitimate?" He answered: "Yes, but they swear, commit sin and tell lies while speaking."

(From Ahmed b. Hanbel and Hakim, Ihya-i Ulumud Din, Ghazzali, Vol. 3, p.292-300

God does not help greedy people and the society, which consists of them. When humanity comes to the point of refusing his negative and unfair desires of his body, and obeying the Spirit and the common sense and intellect aspects of the Spirit, he deserves the System of Justice and the Laws and finds true humanity. Unless they have these qualities, they live under the influence of carnal desires until they come to this point. Those that have fleshly and carnal pleasures are ruled by cruel dictators.

These are the scientific and natural facts about human beings. These opinions are the principles and theories. In today's world, the Western democracy is the only solution to protect freedom and it is the nearest system to Islamic system. We have already explained our views about democracy in our other books called "Existence, Religious Sects in Islam, the Sinless and Ascension in Man.”

The best system for our country is the Pluralistic Democracy based on the system of Republic and Parliamentary, which consists of multi-parties. (164)

EUROPE - EUROPE...

The Law System in Europe has already been explained before. It is a kind of trick but not humanity. They make their nations happy by exploiting and overwhelming other nations. They demonstrate a false justice, humanity and politeness in their countries. They torture and overwhelm hundreds of nations, make millions of people cry depending on their technological power and call this "humanity". "Justice" must be for everybody not for only themselves. They are just like the wolves in sheepskin.

The Westerns are imperialists and Imperialism is a great oppression. Those who say that justice, freedom and humanity are in the West are the servants of them. Slavery is not suitable for human beings. It is a greater oppression to defend cruel people and their unreal law and justice systems as well as their unreal and temporary democracy because it means to hide the reality from oppressed and exploited nations.

We request from our intellectuals and educated people, who support the West and their system, to explain the reality in the name of humanity and oppressed nations. We are looking forward to it and we live hopefully. (165)

We are going to continue the subject about "Insan-i Kâmil - the Perfect Man" in the next chapters.

(164) See Muhammad - Jesus - Adam

(165) See Muhammad - Jesus – Adam

THE CREATION OF MAN

Man is created twice according to the Koran.

The first is the creation of the first man out of dust (from earth) and the second is the creation of the children of Adam.

In the second creation man develops gradually or he evolves and this is explained in the Koran.

First, he is a sperm (semen, a living germ) then a clot of blood, then a little piece of flesh, then fetus in the womb, after that an infant and then he becomes powerful, then he becomes old. It is an evolution in one respect. (166)

Nothing happens (comes into existence) suddenly, at once. There is a course of evolution. (167)

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(166)The Koran verses about the related subject:

"We first created you from earth, then from sperm, then from embryo, then from a half-formed lump of flesh so that We might manifest to show you Our power. We cause to remain in the womb whatever we please for an appointed term and then We bring you forth as infants in order to make you understand the Divine Power. Some die young and some live onto abject old age when all that once knew they know no more... (Al-Hajj, 5)

"Does man think he will be left alone, to no purpose? Was not He a drop of ejaculated semen? He became a clot of blood, then God formed him." (Al-Qiyamah, 36-38)

"Surely We have created man from the mixed semen which we put into different forms and we have endowed him with hearing and sight." (Al- Insan, 21)

(167) See Muhammad-Jesus-Adam

HERITAGE (VERASET)

Man is the heir to the Divine Light of God's person and the Divine Lights of His beautiful names (His person and names-attributes) also to His Knowledge and Science. The true believers -the followers of the Way of God- are the heirs to the Divine Knowledge and good morals of the Prophets and Saints, Walis because the true inheritors are the Prophets and the Friends of God and they are the holy, spiritual fathers of them. Sons are accepted as the heirs of the property of their fathers in the outer world as well. The reason of heredity concerning goods, property and riches depends on this mystery.

Heritage is a right in Islam but it should be based on labor and correct considerations because spiritual heritage is due to faith, labor and effort and it is given these great people as a result of their effort and as a reward by God so it should not be the sum of money seized by force or exploitation. Inheritance means to transfer a testator's property that is in accordance with labor and right consideration to his heirs. If it does not depend on labor, it is not right and correct then and transferring something that is not right will not be correct either. The Koran commands:

"Ve en leyse lilinsani illa mâsea-Each man will be judged by his own labour." (Al-Najm, 39)

Furthermore, unemployed people also have rights in properties. God said in the Koran:

"O Muhammad! Let this property (capital) not be the property shared between the rich." (Al-Hashr, 7) He clarified this matter in the Sura of Hashr very well.

God has attached great importance to cooperation, social affairs and taking care of the poor, unemployed and disabled people. He said in the Sura of Yasin "Kallezine keferu lillezine âmenu enutimu men lev yaşaullahi etameh - When the believers said to the unbelievers: “Give alms of that which God has given you, help the poor", the unbelievers said to the faithful "Are we to feed those whom God can feed if he chooses? Surely you are in glaring error". (Yasin, 47)

He has assigned the authorities and responsible people to consider the economical life of the society as it is very important for God.

The Koran has attached great importance to the economical life of the society. (168)

(168) See Existence

The Glorious Verses about Social Justice from our

HOLY BOOK -THE KORAN

-They believe in the unseen and are steadfast in prayer, who bestow in charity a part of what We have given them. (A-Baqarah, 3)

-Such are they who buy the life of this world at the price of the life to come. Their punishment shall not be lightened, nor shall they be helped. (Al-Baqarah, 86)

-Righteousness (the favors and the obedience that brings people nearer to Allah) does not consist in whether you face towards the East or West. The righteous man is he who believes in God and the last Day, in the Angels and the Book and the Prophets; who, though he loves it dearly, gives away his wealth to kinsfolk, to orphans, to the helpless, to the traveler in need and to beggars, and for the redemption of captives; who attends to his prayers and renders the alms levy; who is true to his promises and steadfast in trial and adversity and in times of war. Such are the true believers; such are the God-fearing. (Al-Baqarah, 177)

-Do not devour one another’s property by unjust means, nor bribe with it the judges in order that you may wrongfully and knowingly usurp the possessions of other men. (Al-Baqarah, 188)

-Give generously for the cause of Allah and do not with your own hands cast yourselves into destruction. Be charitable; Allah loves the charitable. (Al-Baqarah, 195)

-There are some who say: “Lord, give us abundance in this world!” These shall have no share in the world to come. (Al-Baqarah, 200)

-For the unbelievers the life of this world is decked with all manner of temptations. They scoff at the faithful, but those that fear Allah shall be above them on the Day of Resurrection. Allah gives without measure to whom He will. (Al-Baqarah, 212)

-They will ask you about almsgiving. Say: Whatever you bestow in charity must go to parents and to kinsfolk, to the orphans and to the helpless and to the traveler in need. Allah is aware of whatever good you do. (Al-Baqarah, 215)

-Believers, bestow in alms a part of what We have given you before that day arrives when commerce and friendship and intercession shall be no more. (Al-Baqarah, 254)

-He that gives their wealth for the cause of Allah is like a grain of corn which brings forth seven ears, each bearing a hundred grains. (Al-Baqarah, 261)

-Those that give their wealth for the cause of Allah and do not follow their almsgiving with taunts and insults shall be rewarded by their Lord; they shall have nothing to fear or to regret. (Al-Baqarah, 262)

-Believers, do not mar your almsgiving with taunts and mischief-making, like those who spend their wealth for the sake of ostentation and believe neither in Allah nor in the Last day. Such men are like a rock covered with earth: a shower falls upon it and leaves it hard and bare. They shall gain nothing from their works. God does not guide the unbelievers. (Al-Baqarah, 264)

-But those that give away their wealth from a desire to please Allah and to reassure their own souls are like a garden on a hill-side: if a shower falls upon it, it yields up twice its normal produce; and if no rain falls, it is watered by the dew. Allah takes cognizance of all your actions. (Al-Baqarah, 265)

-Believers, give in alms of the wealth you have lawfully earned and of that which We have brought out of the earth for you; not worthless things which you yourselves would but reluctantly accept. Know that God is self-sufficient and glorious. (Al-Baqarah, 267)

-Satan threatens you with poverty and orders you to commit what is indecent. But God promises you His forgiveness and His bounty. (Al-Baqarah, 268)

-To be charitable in public is good, but to give alms to the poor in private is better and will atone for some of your sins. Allah has knowledge of all your actions. (Al-Baqarah, 271)

-Give your alms to those needy men who, being wholly preoccupied with fighting for the cause of God, cannot travel the land in quest of trading ventures: the ignorant take them for men of wealth on account of their look- they never importune men for alms. Whatever alms you give are known to Allah. (Al-Baqarah, 273)

-Those that give alms by day and by night, in private and in public, shall be rewarded by their Lord. They shall have nothing to fear or regret. (Al-Baqarah, 274)

-If your debtor be in straits, grant him a delay until he can discharge his debt: but if you waive the sum as alms it will be better for you, if you but knew it. (Al-Baqarah, 280)

-As for the unbelievers, neither their riches nor their children will in the least save them from God’s wrath. They shall become the fuel of the Fire. (The Imrans, 10)

-Men are tempted by the lure of women and offspring, of hoarded treasures of gold and silver, of splendid horses, cattle, and plantations. These are the comforts of this life, but far better is the return to God. (The Imrans, 14)

-Those became unbelievers by denying God’s revelations. They killed the Prophets unjustly and killed the men who preach fair dealing. Warn them of a woeful scourge. (The Imrans, 21)

-You shall never be truly righteous until you give in alms what you dearly cherish for the cause of Allah. The alms you give are known to Allah. (The Imrans, 92)

-As for the unbelievers, neither their riches nor their children shall in the least protect them from Allah’s scourge. They are the heirs of the Fire and they shall remain forever. (The Imrans, 116)

-They give alms alike in prosperity and in adversity. They curb their anger and forgive their fellow men. Allah likes the charitable. (The Imrans, 134)

-Let those who hoard the wealth which Allah has bestowed on them out of His bounty never think it good for them; it is nothing but evil. The riches they have hoarded shall become their fetters on the Day of resurrection. (The Imrans, 180)

-Allah has heard the words of those who said: “Allah is poor, but we are rich.” Their words We will record, and their slaying of the Prophets unjustly. We shall say: “Taste now the torment of the Conflagration.” (The Imrans, 181)

-You shall be tasted in your possessions and your persons. (The Imrans, 186)

-Allah has sovereignty over the heavens and the earth. (The Imrans, 189)

-Give orphans the property which belongs to them. Do not exchange their valuables for worthless things or cheat them of their possessions, for this would be a great sin. (Al-Nisa, 2)

-Put the orphans to the test until they reach a marriageable age. If you find them capable of sound judgement, hand over to them their property, and do not deprive them of it by squandering it before they come of age. Let not the rich guardian touch the property of his orphan ward; and let him who is poor use no more than a fair portion of it for his own advantage. When you hand over to them their property, call in some witnesses; sufficient is Allah’s accounting of your actions. (Al-Nisa, 6)

-Those that devour the property of orphans unjustly, swallow fire into their bellies; they shall burn in a mighty conflagration. (Al-Nisa, 10)

-Believers, do not consume your wealth among yourselves in vanity (in wrong ways or unjustly), but rather trade with it by mutual consent. Do not destroy yourselves. Allah is merciful to you. (Al-Nisa, 29)

-Show kindness to parents and kindred, to orphans and to the helpless, to near and distant neighbors, to those that keep company with you, to the traveler in need and to the slaves you own. Allah does not love arrogant and boastful men. (Al-Nisa, 36)

-They are niggardly and enjoin others to be niggardly; We have prepared a shameful punishment for the unbelievers. (Al-Nisa, 37)

-They believe neither in God nor in the Last day and they spend their wealth for the sake of ostentation. He that chooses Satan for his friend, an evil friend has he. (Al-Nisa, 38)

-What harm could befall them if they believed in Allah and the last day and gave in alms of that which Allah bestowed on them? Allah knows them all. (Al-Nisa, 39)

-To God belongs all that the Heavens and the earth contain. Allah has knowledge of all things. (Al-Nisa, 126)

-Because of their iniquity, We forbade the Jews good things which were formerly allowed them; because time after time they have debarred others from the path of Allah. (Al-Nisa, 160)

-The reason of it was they practiced usury- although they were forbidden it and cheat others of their possessions. (Al-Nisa, 161)

-The life of this world is but a sport and pastime. Surely better is the life to come for those that fear Allah. Will you not understand? (Al-An’am, 32)

-We have placed in every city arch-transgressors who scheme within its walls. But they scheme only against themselves, though they may not perceive it. (Al-An’am, 123)

-It is He who brings forth all manner of plants: creepers and upright trees, the palm and the olive, and pomegranates alike and different. Eat of these fruits when they ripen and give away what is due of them upon the harvest day. But you shall not be prodigal. (Al-An’am, 141)

-Do not tamper with the property of orphans, but strive to improve their lot until they reach maturity. Give just weight and full measure; We never charge a soul with more than it can bear. Speak for justice even it affects your own kinsmen. Be true to the covenant of God. Thus, He exhorts you, so that you may take heed. (Al-An’am, 152)

-Say: “My Lord has ordered me to act justly.” (Al-Araf, 29)

-Say: “Who has forbidden you to wear the decent clothes or to eat good things which Allah has provided for His servants?” Say: “These are for the enjoyment of the faithful in the life of this world and they shall be theirs alone on the Day of Resurrection.” (Al-Araf, 32)

-Then, those on the Heights will say to men they recognize by their looks: “Nothing have your riches or your scornful pride availed you.” (Al-Araf, 48)

Note: In the Holy Sura of Araf it is written continuously that those who rebelled against Noah (a.s.), Hud (a.s.) Salih (a.s.) and Shuaib (a.s.) were the rich class of that region.

-They perform their ritual prayer and bestow in alms from that which We have given them. (Al-Anfal, 3)

-Know that your children and your worldly goods but a temptation, and that God’s reward is great. (Al-Anfal, 28)

-The unbelievers spend their riches in debarring others from the path of Allah. Thus, they dissipate their wealth: but they shall rule it, and in the end be overthrown. The unbelievers shall be driven into hell. (Al-Anfal, 36)

-Know that one-fifth of your spoils shall belong to Allah, the Apostle, the apostle’s kinsfolk, the orphans, the needy, and those that travel the road. (Al-Anfal, 41)

-Do not be like those who left their homes elated with insolence and vainglory and debarred others from the path of Allah. (Al-Anfal, 47)

-Those that have embraced the faith and fled their homes, and fought for the cause of Allah with their wealth and with their persons and those that sheltered them and helped them, shall be as friends to each other. (Al-Anfal, 72)

-Say: “If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your tribes, the property you have acquired, the merchandise you fear may not be sold, and the homes you love, are dearer to you than Allah, His apostle and the struggle for His cause, then wait until Allah shall fulfill His decree. Allah does not guide the evil-doers.” (Al-Tawbah, 24)

-Believers, many are the clerics and their monks who defraud men of their possessions and debar them from the path of Allah. To those that hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in God’s cause, proclaim a woeful punishment. (Al-Tawbah, 34)

-The day will surely come when their treasures shall be heated in the fire of Hell and their foreheads, sides and backs branded with them. They will be told: “These are the riches which you hoarded. Taste then what you were hoarding.” (Al-Tawbah, 35)

-Are you content with this life in preference to the life to come? Few indeed are the blessings of this life, compared to those of the life to come. (Al-Tawbah, 38)

-Their offerings shall not be accepted from them because they have denied Allah and His apostle. They pray half-heartedly and begrudge their contributions. (Al-Tawbah, 54)

-Let neither their riches nor their children rouse your envy. Through these Allah seeks (wills) to punish them in this life, so that they shall die unbelievers. (Al-Tawbah, 55)

-Be they men or women, the hypocrites are all alike. They enjoin what is evil, forbid what is just, and tighten their fists. They forsook Allah so Allah forsook them. Surely, the hypocrites are evil-doers. (Al-Tawbah, 67)

-Some pledged themselves, saying: “If Allah is bountiful to us, we will give alms and live like righteous men.” (Al-Tawbah, 75)

-But when Allah had bestowed His favours on them they grew niggardly and turning their backs, hurried away. They have been untrue to the pledge they gave Him. (Al-Tawbah, 76)

-As for those that taunt the believers who give freely, and scoff at those who give according to their means, Allah will scoff at them. A woeful punishment awaits them. (Al-Tawbah, 79)

-Let neither their riches nor their children rouse your envy. Through these Allah seeks to punish them in this life, so that they shall die unbelievers. (Al-Tawbah, 85)

-Some deserts Arabs regard what they give as a compulsory fine and wait for some misfortune to befall you. May ill-fortune befall them. Allah hears all and knows all. (Al-Tawbah, 98)

-Yet there are others among the desert Arabs who believe in Allah and the Last day, and regard what they give as a means of bringing them close to Allah and to the Apostle’s prayer. Indeed, closer they shall be brought; Allah will admit them to His mercy. Allah is forgiving and merciful. (Al-Tawbah, 99)

-Take alms from them, so that they may thereby be cleansed and purified, and pray for them: for your prayers will give them comfort. Allah hears all and knows all. (Al-Tawbah, 103)

-Each sum they give, be it small or large, and each valley they traverse, shall be noted down, so that Allah may requite them for their noblest deeds.” (Al-Tawbah, 121)

-Those who entertain no hope of meeting Us, being pleased and contented with the life of this world, and those who give no heed to Our revelations, shall have the Fire as their home in requital for their deeds.” (Yunus, 7-8)

-Yet, when He does deliver them, they commit evil in the land and act unjustly. Men, it is your own souls that you are corrupting. Take your enjoyment in this life: to Us you shall in the end return, and We will declare to you all that you have done.” (Yunus, 23)

-Say: “In the grace and mercy of Allah let them rejoice, for these are better than the worldly riches they amass.” (Yunus, 58)

-“Lord!” said Moses, “You have bestowed on Pharaoh and his nobles splendor riches in this life, so that they may stray from Your path.” (Yunus, 88)

-Those that desire the life of this world with all its finery they shall be rewarded for their deeds in their own lifetime: nothing shall be denied them. These are the men who in the world to come shall have nothing but Hell-fire. Fruitless are their deeds, and vain are all their works. (Hud, 15-16)

-My people, give just weight and measure in all fairness. Do not defraud your fellow men of their possessions, nor shall you corrupt the land with evil. (Hud, 85)

-Better for you is Allah’s reward, if you are true believers. I am not your keeper. (Hud, 86)

-“Shuaib,” they replied, “did your prayers teach you that we should renounce the gods of our fathers and not conduct our affairs in the manner we pleased? Truly you are a wise and gracious man!” (Hud, 87)

-Put no trust in the wrongdoers, lest the Fire should touch you. You have no friend but Allah. Nobody will help you then. (Hud, 113)

-The wrongdoers pursued their worldly pleasures and thus became guilty. (Hud, 116)

-Allah rewards the charitable. (Joseph, 88)

-Peace be to you for all that you have steadfastly endured. (Al-Rad, 24)

-Allah gives abundantly to whom He will and sparingly to whom He pleases. The unbelievers rejoice in this life but brief indeed is the comfort of this life compared to the life to come. (Al-Rad, 26)

-Woe to those who love this life more than the life to come; who debar others from the path of Allah and seek to make it crooked. They have strayed far indeed. (İbrahim, 3)

-All shall appear before Allah. The humble will say to those who thought themselves mighty: “We were your followers. Can you protect us from Allah’s punishment? They will reply: “Had Allah given us guidance, we would have guided you. Neither panic nor patience will help us now. There is no escape for us. (İbrahim, 21)

-Tell My servants, those who are true believers, to be steadfast in prayer and to give alms (in the Path of Allah) in private and public, before that day arrives when all trading shall cease and friendships no more. (İbrahim, 31)

-(O Muhammad), Never think that Allah is unaware of the wrongdoers’ actions. He only gives them respite till the day on which all eyes will stare with consternation. (İbrahim, 42)

-Let them feast and make merry; and let their hopes beguile them. They shall know the awful end of their deeds. (Al-Hijr, 3)

-Do not regard with envy the good things We have bestowed on some of them, nor grieve on their account (that they do not have faith). Show kindness to the faithful. (Al-Hijr, 88)

-Your God is one God. Those that deny the life to come have faithless hearts and puffed up with pride. (Al-Nahl, 22)

-Allah surely knows what they hide and what they reveal. He does not love the proud. (Al-Nahl, 23)

-To some Allah has given more than He has to others. Those who are so favoured will not allow their slaves have a share in what they have. They are equal in favours. Would they deny God’s benefactions? (Al-Nahl, 71)

-When the guilty face the scourge, it shall not be eased for them, nor shall they ever be reprieved. (Al-Nahl, 85)

-Allah enjoins justice, kindness and charity to one’s kindred, and forbid (prohibits) indecency (adultery), wickedness (denial) and oppression (tyranny). He admonishes you so that you may take heed. (Al-Nahl, 90)

-You shall not take oaths to deceive each other, lest your foot should slip after being rightly guided, and lest evil should befall you for straying from the path of Allah: for then indeed you should incur a grievous punishment. (Al-Nahl, 94)

-For, such men love the life of this world more than the life to come. Allah does not guide the unbelievers. (Al-Nahl, 107)

-When We resolve to destroy a city, We first give warning to those of its people who live in comfort. If they persist in sin, judgement is irrevocably passed and We raze that city to the ground. (AI-Isra, 16)

-He that desires this fleeting life shall soon receive in it whatever We will: We bestow Our gifts on whom We please. But, then We have prepared Hell for him, where he will burn despised and helpless. (Al-Isra, 18)

-As for him that desires the life to come and strives for it as he ought to, being a true believer, his endeavours shall be rewarded by Allah. (Al-Isra, 19)

-Give to the near of kin their due, and also to the destitute and to the wayfarers. Do not squander your substance wastefully. (Al-Isra, 26)

-For the wasteful are Satan’s brothers; and satan is ever ungrateful to his Lord. (Al-Isra, 27)

-But if, while waiting for your Lord’s bounty, you lack the means to assist them, then at least speak to them kindly. (Al- Isra, 28)

-Be neither miserly nor prodigal, for then you should either be reproached or be reduced to penury. (Al-Isra, 29)

-Do not interfere with the property of orphans except with the best of motives, until they reach maturity. Keep your promises; you are accountable for all that you promise. (Al-Isra, 34)

-Give full measure, when you measure, and weigh with even scales. That is fair, and better in the end. (Al-Isra, 35)

-Do not walk proudly on the earth. You cannot create the earth, nor can you rival the mountains in stature. (Al-Isra, 37)

-Say: “had you possessed the treasures of my Lord’s mercy, you would have covetously hoarded them. How niggardly is man! (Al-Isra, 100)

-We have decked the earth with all manner of ornaments to test mankind and to see who would acquit himself best. (Al-Kahf, 7)

-Restrain yourself, together with those who pray to their Lord morning and evening, seeking His pleasure. Do not turn your eyes from them in quest of the good things of this life, nor obey him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance; who follows his appetite and gives a loose rein to his desires. (Al-Kahf, 28)

-Give them this parable. Once there were two men, to one of whom We gave two vineyards set about with palm trees and watered by a running stream, with a cornfield lying in between. Each of the vineyards yielded an abundant crop, and when their owner had gathered in the harvest, he said to his companions while conversing with him: “I am richer than you, and my clan is mightier than yours.”

And when having thus wronged his soul, he entered his vineyard, he said: “Surely this will never perish! Nor do I believe that the Hour of Doom will ever come. Even if I returned to my Lord, I should surely find a better place than this.

His companion replied, while still conversing with him: “Have you no faith in Him who created you from dust, from a little germ, and fashioned you into a man? As for myself; Allah is my Lord. I will associate none with Him. When you entered your garden, why did you not say: “What Allah has ordained must surely come to pass: there is no strength except in Allah”? Though you see me poorer than yourself and blessed with fewer children, yet My Lord may give me a garden better than yours, and send down thunderbolts from heaven upon your vineyard, turning it into a barren waste, or drain its water deep into the earth so that you will find none of it.”

His fruits were destroyed, and he wrung his hands with grief at all that he had spent on them: for the vines had tumbled down upon their trellises. “Would that I had served no other gods besides my Lord” he cried. (Al-Kahf, 32-42)

-Wealth and children are the ornaments of this life. But deeds of lasting merit are better rewarded by your Lord and hold for you a greater hope of salvation. (Al-Kahf, 46)

-His is what the heavens and the earth contain, and all that lies between them and underneath the soil. (Ta Ha, 6)

-Do not regard with envy the worldly benefits We have bestowed on some among them, for with those We seek only to try them. Better is your Lord’s reward, and more lasting. (Ta Ha, 131)

-Their hearts are filled with awe at the mention of Allah. They endure adversity with fortitude, attend to their prayers and bestow in charity of that which We have given them. (Al Hajj, 35)

-How many cities, teeming with sin, have We utterly destroyed! They lie in desolate ruin, their wells abandoned and their proud palaces are empty. (Al-Hajj, 45)

-Do they think that, in giving them wealth and children, We are solicitous for their welfare? By no means! (The favors of this world are a test for them but) they cannot see. (Al-Muminun-55-56)

-Let the rich and honorable among you not swear to withhold their gifts from their kindred, the poor, and those who have fled their homes for the cause of Allah. Rather let them pardon and forgive. Do you not wish Allah to forgive you? Allah is forgiving and merciful. (Al-Nur, 22)

-On that day, neither wealth nor offspring will avail anything. (Al-Shuara, 88)

-When none shall be saved except him who comes before his Lord with a pure heart. (Al-Shuara, 89)

-For this, I demand of you no recompense, for none can reward me except the Lord of the Universe. (Al-Shuara, 109)

-(Hud a.s.) For this, I demand of you no recompense, for none can reward me except the Lord of the Universe. (Al-Shuara, 127)

-You build monuments and strong fortresses, hoping that you may last forever. (Al-Shuara, 129)

-Fear Him who has given you all the things you know. (Al-Shuara, 132)

-Fear Allah who has given you flocks and children, gardens and fountains. (Al-Shuara, 133-134)

-(Salih a.s.) For this, I demand of you no recompense, for none can reward me except the Lord of the Universe. (Al-Shuara, 145)

-(Lut a.s.) For this, I demand of you no recompense, for none can reward me except the Lord of the Universe. (Al-Shuara, 164)

-(Shuaib a.s.) For this, I demand of you no recompense, for none can reward me except the Lord of the Universe. (Al-Shuara, 180)

-Give just measure and defraud none. (Al-Shuara, 181)

-Weigh with even scales. (Al-Shuara, 182)

-Do not cheat your fellow men of what is rightly theirs; nor shall you corrupt the land with evil. (Al-Shuara, 183)

-Pharaoh and his warriors conducted themselves with arrogance and injustice in the land, thinking that they would never be recalled to Us. (Al-Kassas, 39)

-But We took him and his warriors, and We cast them into the sea. Consider the fate of the evildoers. (Al-Kassas, 40)

-We made them leaders who called men to the Fire, but on the Day of Resurrection none shall help them. (Al-Kassas, 41)

-How many nations have We destroyed who once flourished in wanton ease! Their dwellings are but scarcely inhabited; We were their only heirs. (Al-Kassas, 58)

-Nor did your Lord destroy the nations until He had sent apostles to their capital cities proclaiming to them Our revelations. (Al-Kassas, 59)

-The things you have been given are but the provisions and the gaudy show of this present life. Better is Allah’s reward and more lasting. Have you no sense to reason with? (Al-Kassas, 60)

-Can he who has received Our gracious promise, and will see it fulfilled, be compared with him to whom We have given the comforts of this life and who will be summoned on the day of Resurrection? (Al-Kassas, 61)

-Korah was one of Moses’ people, but he treated them unjustly. We had given him such treasures that their very keys would have weighed down a band of sturdy men. His people said to him: “Do not exult in your riches; Allah does not love the exultant.” (Al-Kassas, 76)

-But seek, by means of what which Allah has given you, to attain the abode of the hereafter. Do not forget your share in this world. Be good to others as Allah has been good to you and do not strive for evil in the land, for Allah does not love the evil doers. (Al-Kassas, 77)

-Korah replied: “These riches were given me on account of the knowledge I posses.” Did he not know that Allah had destroyed before him men who were mightier and more avaricious than he? The wrongdoers shall not be questioned about their sins. (Al-Kassas, 78)

-And when he went out in all his finery among his people, those who loved this life said: “Would that we had the like of Korah’s fortune! He is indeed a lucky man.” (Al-Kassas, 79)

-But those who were endowed with knowledge said: “Alas for you! Better is the reward of Allah for him that has faith and does good works; but none shall attain it save those who have endured with fortitude.” (Al-Kassas, 80)

-We caused the earth to swallow him, together with his dwelling, so that he found none to protect him from Allah; nor was he able to defend himself. (Al-Kassas, 81)

-And those who on the day before had coveted his lot began to say: “Behold! Allah gives abundantly to whom He will and sparingly to whom he pleases. But for the grace of Allah, He could have caused the earth to swallow us. Behold! The ungrateful shall never prosper.” (Al-Kassas, 82)

-Twice shall their reward be given them, because they have endured with fortitude, requiting evil with good and giving in alms a part of what We gave them. (Al-Kassas, 54)

-As for the abode of the hereafter, We shall assign it to those who seek neither glory in this world nor evil. The righteous shall have a blessed end. (Al-Kassas, 83)

-The life of this world is but a sport and a pastime. It is the life to come that is the true life: if they but knew it. (Al-Anqabut, 64)

-When they embark they pray to Allah with all fervor; but when He brings them safe to land, they serve other gods besides Him. (Al-Anqabut, 65)

-Showing ingratitude for Our favors and reveling in wanton ease. They shall before long know. (Al-Anqabut, 66)

-Have they never journeyed through the land and seen what was the fate of their forebears? Far mightier were they; they tilled the land and built upon it more that these have ever built. And to them, too, their Apostles came with undoubted signs. Allah did not wrong them but they wronged themselves. (Al-Rum, 9)

-When evil befalls men, they turn in prayer to their Lord. But no sooner does He let them taste a blessing from Him than some among them take up other gods besides their Lord. (Al-Rum, 33)

-Showing no gratitude for what We gave them. Enjoy yourselves a while; but you shall know. (Al-Rum, 34)

-Therefore, give their due to the near of kin, to the helpless, and to the traveler in need. That is best for those that strive to please Allah (that desire the beautiful face of Allah); such men will surely prosper. (Al-Rum, 38)

-That which you seek to increase by usury (cash, property, alms, etc.) will not be blessed by Allah; but the alms you give for His sake shall be repaid to you many times over. (Al-Rum, 39)

-They forsake their beds to pray to their Lord in fear and hope; they give in charity of that which We have bestowed on them (Al-Sajdah, 16)

-He made you masters of their land, their house, and their goods, and of yet another land on which you had never set foot before. Truly, Allah has power over all things. (Al-Ahzab, 27)

-Prophet, say to your wives: “If you seek this life and all its finery, come, I will make provision for you and release you honorably.” (Al-Ahzab, 28)

-But if you seek Allah and His Apostle and the abode of the hereafter, know that Allah has prepared a rich reward for those of you who do good works. (Al-Ahzab, 29)

-For the natives of Sheba there was indeed a sign in their dwelling-place: a garden on their right and a garden on their left. We said to them: “Eat of what your Lord has given you and render thanks to him. Pleasant is your land and forgiving is your Lord.” (Saba, 15)

-But they gave no heed. So We let loose upon them the waters of the dam and replaced their gardens by two others bearing bitter fruit, tamarisks, and a few nettle shrubs. (Saba, 16)

-Thus did We punish them for their ingratitude: do We punish any but the ungrateful? (Saba, 17)

-We have sent no apostle to any nation whose message was not denied by those of them that lived in comfort. The unbelievers said: “We deny what you sent us.” (Saba, 34)

-They said: “We have been given greater wealth and more children than the faithful. Surely we shall not be punished.” (Al-Saba, 35)

-Say: “My Lord gives abundantly to whom He will and sparingly to whom He pleases. But most men do not know it.” (Al-Saba, 36)

-Neither your riches nor your children shall bring you one jot nearer to Us. Those that have faith and do what is right shall be doubly rewarded for their deeds: in the High Pavillions they shall dwell in peace. (Al-Saba, 37)

-Say: “My Lord gives abundantly to whom He will and sparingly to whom He pleases. Whatever you give in alms he will pay you back for it. he is the most munificent Giver.” (Saba, 39)

-Say: “I demand no recompense of you: keep it for yourselves. None but Allah can reward me. He is the witness of all things.” (Saba, 47)

-Men, the promise of Allah is true. Let the life of this world not deceive you. (Al-Fatir, 5)

- The truth is: Those who recite the Book of Allah, and attend to their prayers and give alms in private and in public (who gives it in the Path of Allah) may hope for imperishable gain. (Al-Fatir, 29)

-Follow those who demand no recompense of you. They are rightly guided. (Ya Sin, 21)

-So that men might feed on the fruit (Allah created) and the product that their hands made. Should they not give thanks? (Ya Sin, 35)

-And when it is said to them: “Give alms of that which Allah has given you.” The unbelievers say to the faithful: “Are we to feed those whom Allah can feed if he chooses? Surely you are in glaring error.” (Ya Sin, 47)

-Have you heard the story of the two litigants who entered his chamber by climbing over the wall? (Sad, 21)

-When they went in to David and saw that he was alarmed, they said: “Have no fear. We are two litigants, one of whom has wronged the other. Judge rightly between us and do not be unjust; guide us to the right path.” (Sad, 22)

-My brother here has ninety-nine ewes, but I have only one ewe. He demanded that I should entrust it to whom, and got the better of me in the dispute.” (Sad, 23)

-David replied: “He has certainly wronged you in seeking to add your ewe to his flock. Many partners are unjust to one another; but not so those that have faith and do good works, and they are a few indeed.”

David realized that this was a test for him. He sought forgiveness of his Lord and fell down penitently on his knees. (Sad, 24)

-(My Beloved) Say: “For this I demand of you no recompense. Nor do I pretend to be what I am not.” (Sad, 86)

-When evil befalls man, he prays to his Lord and turns to him in repentance; yet no sooner does He bestow on him His favour than he forgets what he has prayed for and makes other deities Allah’s equals, in order to lead men away from His path. Say: “Enjoy your unbelief a while; but the Fire shall be your home.” (Zumar, 8)

-If the wrongdoers possessed all the treasures of the earth and as much besides, they would gladly offer it to redeem themselves from the harrowing scourge on the day of Resurrection. For Allah will show them what they have never reckoned with. (Zumar, 47)

-When evil befalls man he calls out to Us; but when We vouchsafe him a favour from Ourself, he says “It is my due.” By no means! It is a test : yet most men do not know it. (Zumar, 49)

-The same word was said by those before them: but they gained nothing from what they did. (Zumar, 50)

-And the very evil of their deeds recoiled upon them. The wrong doers among these shall also have the evil of their deeds recoil upon them: nor shall they ever escape. (Zumar, 51)

-Do they not know that Allah gives abundantly to whom He will and sparingly to whom He pleases? Surely there are signs in this for true believers. (Zumar, 52)

-Say: “Servants of Allah, you that have sinned against your souls, do not despair of Allah’s mercy, for He forgives all sins. It is He who is the Forgiving One, the Merciful. (Zumar, 53)

-The day when they shall rise up from their graves with nothing hidden from Allah. “And who shall reign supreme on that day? Allah, the One , the Almighty.” (Al-Mumin, 16)

-My people, the life of this world is a fleeting comfort, but the life to come is an everlasting mansion. (Al-Mumin, 39)

-Your Lord has said: “Call on (pray) Me and I will answer you. Those that disdain My service (who do not worship Me) shall enter Hell with all humility. (Al-Mumin, 75)

-Woe to those who serve other gods besides Him; who give no alms and disbelieve in the life to come. (Al-Fussilat, 7)

-When We show favour to man, he turns his back and holds aloof; but when evil befalls him he is loud in prayer. (Al-Fussilat, 51)

-Whoever seeks the harvest of the world to come, to him We will give in great abundance; and whoever desires the harvest of this world, a share of it shall be his; but in the hereafter he shall have no share at all. Al-Shura, 20)

-Had Allah bestowed abundance upon His servants, they would have committed much injustice in the land. He gives them what he will in due measure; He knows and observes His servants. (Al-Shura, 27)

-If a misfortune befalls you, it is the fruit of your own labours. He forgives much. (Al-Shura, 30)

-That which you have been given is but the fleeting comfort of this life. Better and enduring is Allah’s reward to those who believe and put their trust in Him. (Al-Shura, 36)

-But for the fear that all mankind might have become one race of unbelievers, We would have given those who denied the Lord of mercy dwellings with silver roofs, and gates and stairs of silver; silver coaches to recline upon and ornaments of gold: for all these are but the fleeting comforts of this life. It is the life to come that your Lord reserves for those who fear Him. (Al-Zukhruf, 33, 34, 35)

-Let them blunder, let them play, until they face the day with which they are threatened. (Al-Zukhruf, 83)

-How many gardens, how many fountains they left behind them! (Al-Duhan, 25)

-Cornfields, and noble palaces! (Al-Duhan, 26)

-And good things in which they took delight. (Al-Duhan, 27)

-All this they left; and what was once theirs We gave to other men. (Al-Duhan, 28)

-Neither heaven nor earth shed tears for them; nor were they reprieved. (Al-Duhan, 29)

-On the day when the unbelievers are brought before the Fire, We shall say to them: “You squandered away your precious gifts in your earthy, and took your fill of pleasure. Ignominious punishment shall be yours this day, because you behaved with pride and injustice on the earth and committed evil. (Al-Ahqaf, 20)

-Allah will admit those who embrace the true faith and do good works to gardens watered by running streams. The unbelievers take their fill of pleasure and eat as cattle eat; but the fire shall be their home. (Muhammad, 12)

-The life of this world is but a sport and a pastime. He will reward you if you believe in Him and guard yourselves against evil. He does not ask for all your health. (Muhammad, 36)

-If He demanded all and strongly pressed you, you would grow niggardly, and this would show your malice. (Muhammad, 37)

-You are called upon to give in the cause of Allah. Some among you are ungenerous; yet whoever is ungenerous to this cause is ungenerous to himself. Indeed, Allah does not need you but you need Him. If you pay no heed, He will replace you by others who shall bear no resemblance to you. (Muhammad, 38)

-The true believers are those that have faith in Allah and His Apostle, and never doubt; and who fight with their wealth and their persons for the cause of Allah. Such are those whose faith is true. (Al-Hujurat, 15)

-They sleep but little in the night-time, praying at dawn for Allah’s pardon, and sharing their goods with the beggars and the deprived. (Al-Dhariyat, 17-19)

-Give no heed, then, to those who ignore Our warning and seek only the life of this world. (Al-Najm, 29)

-Have you considered him who turns his back upon the Faith, giving little at first and then nothing at all? (Al-Najm, 33-34)

-Each man shall be judged by his own labour. (Al-Najm, 39)

-It is He who bestows and enriches. (Al-Najm, 48)

-Have faith in Allah and His Apostle and give in alms of that which He has made your inheritance; for whoever of you believes and gives in alms shall be richly rewarded. (Al-Hadid, 7)

-And why should you not give to the cause of Allah, when Allah alone will inherit the heavens and the earth? Those of you that gave of their wealth before the victory, and took part in the fighting, shall receive greater honour than the others who gave and fought thereafter. (Al-Hadid, 10)

-Who will give a generous loan to Allah? He will pay him back twofold and he shall receive a rich reward. (Al-Hadid, 11)

-Those that give alms, be they men or women, and those that give a generous loan to Allah, shall be repaid twofold. They shall receive a noble recompense. (Al-Hadid, 18)

-Know that the life of this world is but a sport and a pastime, a show and an empty vaunt among you, a quest for greater riches and more children. It is like the plants that flourish after rain: the husbandman rejoices to see them grow; but then they wither and turn yellow, soon becoming worthless stubble. In the life to come a woeful scourge awaits you- or the forgiveness of Allah and His pleasure. The life of this world is but a vain provision. (Al-Hadid, 20)

-They are niggardly themselves and enjoin others to be niggardly also. He that gives no heed should know that Allah alone is self-sufficient and worthy of praise. (Al-Hadid, 24)

-Their wealth and children shall in no way protect them from Allah. They are the heirs of Hell and there they shall abide forever. (Al-Mujadilah, 17)

-The spoils taken from the town-dwellers and assigned by Allah to His Apostle shall belong to Allah, to the Apostle and his kinsfolk, to orphans, to the poor and to the traveler in need; (O Muhammad!) they shall not become the property of the rich among you. (Al-Hashr, 7)

-A share of the spoils shall also fall to the poor among the muhajirin who have been driven from their homes and their possessions, who seek Allah’s grace and bounty and who help Allah and His Apostle. These are the true believers. (Al-Hashr, 8)

-Believers! Shall I point out to you a profitable course that will save you from a woeful scourge? (Al-Saff, 10)

-Have faith in Allah and His Apostle, and fight for Allah’s cause with your wealth and your persons. That would be best for you, if you but knew it. (Al-Saff, 11)

-Believers, when you are summoned to Friday prayers hasten to the remembrance of Allah and cease your trading. That would be best for you, if you but knew it. (Al-Jumah, 10)

-Yet no sooner do they see some commerce or merriment afoot than they flock eagerly to it, leaving you (O Muhammad!) standing all alone. Say: “That which Allah has in store is far better than any commerce or merriment. Allah is the Most Munificent Giver. (Al-Jumah, 11)

-It is they who say: “Give nothing to those that follow Allah’s Apostle until they have deserted him.” Allah’s are the treasures of heaven and earth but the hypocrites do not understand. (Al-Munafiqun, 7)

-Believers, let neither your riches nor your children beguile you of Allah’s remembrance. Those that forget Him shall forfeit all. (Munafiqun, 9)

-Give, then, of that which We have given you before death befalls you and you say: “Reprieve me Lord, awhile, that I may give in charity and be among the righteous”. (Munafiqun, 10)

-Your wealth and your children are but a temptation (Allah is testing you with them). Allah’s reward is great. (Al-Teghabun, 15)

-Therefore, fear Allah with all your hearts, and be attentive (listen to His advices), obedient (obey Him) and charitable (give alms for the cause of Allah). That will be best for you. Those that preserve themselves from their own greed will surely prosper. (Al-Teghabun, 16)

-If you give a generous loan to Allah, he will pay you back two fold and will forgive you. Gracious is Allah and benignant. (Al-Teghabun, 17)

-Who will provide you if He withholds His sustenance? Yet, they persist in arrogance and in rebellion. (Al-Mulk, 21)

-Though such a man be blessed with wealth and children, when Our revelations are recited to him, he says: “They are but fables of the ancients.” On the nose We will brand him!

-We have afflicted them as We afflicted the owners of the orchard who had declared that they would pluck its fruit next morning, without adding any reservation. A visitant from your Lord came down upon it while they slept, and in the morning it was as black as midnight.

-At daybreak they called out to one another, saying “Hurry to your orchard, if you would pick its fruit”. And in the morning it was black as midnight.

-At daybreak they called out to one another, saying: “Hurry to your orchard, if you would pick its fruit.” And off they went, whispering to one another: “No beggar shall enter the orchard today.”

-Thus they went out, fixed in their resolve. But when they saw it they cried: “We have been wrong. We are utterly ruined.” The most upright among them said: “Did I not bid you praise Allah?”

-“Glory to our Lord,” they answered. “We have assuredly done wrong” And they began to blame one another. (Al-Qalam, 14-29)

-Would that my death had ended all! Nothing has my wealth availed me, and I am bereft of all my power. (Al-Haqqa, 27-29)

-For he did not believe in Allah, the Most High, nor did he care to feed the poor. Today he shall be friendless here; filth shall be his food, the filth which sinners eat.

-I swear by all that you can see, and all that is hidden from your view, that this (the Koran) is the utterance of a noble Messenger. It is no poet’s speech scant is your faith! It is no soothsayer’s divination: how little you reflect! (Al-Haqqa, 33-42)

-It shall claim him who had turned his back and amassed riches and covetously hoarded them. Indeed, man was created impatient. When evil befalls him he is despondent; but blessed with good fortune, he grows niggardly. Not so the worshippers, who are steadfast in prayer.

(Al-Mearij, 17-22)

-And Noah said: “Lord, my people disobey me, and follow those whose wealth and offspring will only hasten their perdition.” (Noah, 21)

-Attend to your prayers, render the alms levy, and give Allah a generous loan. Whatever good you do shall surely find it with Allah, ennobled and richly rewarded by Him. Implore Allah to forgive you; Allah is forgiving and merciful. (Muzammil, 20)

-Bestow no favours expecting gain. Be patient for your Lord’s sake. (Mudassir, 6-7)

-Leave to Me the man whom I created helpless and endowed with vast riches and thriving children. I have made his progress smooth and easy: yet he hopes that I shall give him more. By no means! Because he has stubbornly denied Our revelations, I will lay on him a mounting torment.

He pondered, and he schemed. Confound him, how he schemed! Again, confound him, how schemed!

He looked around him, frowning and leering; then he turned away in scornful pride and said: “This is but sorcery counterfeited, the utterance of a mere mortal!”

I will surely cast him into the Fire. (Mudassir, 11-26)

-Those on the right hand will in their gardens ask the sinners: “What has brought you into hell?” They will reply: “We never prayed, nor did we ever feed the hungry. We engaged in vain disputes and denied the day of Reckoning till the inevitable end overtook us.” (Mudassir, 40-47)

-Yet, you love this fleeting life and are heedless of the hereafter. (Al-Kıyamah, 20-21)

-They give sustenance to the poor man, the orphan, and the captive, saying: “We feed you for Allah’s sake only; we seek of you neither recompense nor thanks: for we fear from our Lord a day of anguish and of woe.” (Insan, 8-10)

-They love this fleeting life too well, and thus prepare for themselves a heavy day of doom. We created them, and endowed their limbs and joints with strength; but if We please, We can replace them by other men. (Insan, 27-28)

-“Eat and enjoy yourselves awhile. You are wicked men.” Woe on the day to the disbelievers! (Mursalat, 46-47)

-On that day man calls to mind his labours. The Fire is brought in sight of all. He that transgressed and chose his present life shall have his home in hell; but he that feared to stand before his Lord and curbed his soul’s desire shall have his home in Paradise. (Al-Naziat, 35-41)

-Woe to the unjust who, when others measure for them, exact in full, but when they measure or weigh for others, defraud them. Do they not think they will be raised to life upon a fateful day? (Al-Mutaffifin, 1-4)

-Yet you prefer this life, although the life to come is better and more lasting. (A’la, 16-17)

-No! But you show no kindness to the orphan, nor do you vie with each other in feeding the poor. Greedily you lay your hands on the inheritance of the weak, and you love riches with all your heart. (Al-Fajr, 17-20)

-On that day man will remember his deeds. But what will memory avail him? He will say: “Would that I had been charitable in my life time!” (Al-Fajr, 23-24)

-I swear by this city (and you are a resident of this city), by the father and all children he begot: We created man to try him with afflictions. Does he think that none has power over him? ”I have squandered vast riches!” he boasts. Does he think that none observes him?

-Have We not given him two eyes, a tongue, and two lips, and shown him the two paths (two targets, the paths of goodness and wickedness)?” Yet he would not scale the height (in order to reach the target and to thank the good deeds done).

-Would that you knew what the Height is. It is the freeing of a bondsman; the feeding, in the day of famine, of an orphaned relation or a needy man in distress; to have faith and to enjoin fortitude and mercy. Those that do this shall stand on the right hand (they are good people). (Al-Balad, 1-18)

-For him that gives in charity and guards himself against evil and believes in goodness, We shall smooth the path of salvation; but for him that neither gives nor takes and disbelieves in good ness, We shall smooth the path of affliction. When he breathes his last, his riches will not avail him. (Al-Layl, 5-11)

-He denied the truth and gave no heed. But the good man who purifies himself by almsgiving shall keep away from it: and so shall he that does good works for the sake of the Most High only, seeking no recompense. Such men shall be content (with what Allah gives him). (Al-Layl, 16-21)

-Therefore, do not wrong the orphan, nor chide away the beggar. (Duha, 9-10)

-Man is ungrateful to his Lord! To this, he himself shall bear witness. He loves riches with all his hearts. (Adiyat, 6-8)

-Woe to every back-biting slanderer who amasses riches and sedulously hoards them, thinking his wealth will render him immortal! By no means! He shall be flung to the Destroying Flame. Would that you knew what the Destroying Flame is like! It is Allah’s own kindled fire. (Humaza, 1-6)

-Have you thought of him that denies the Last Judgement? It is he who turns away the orphan and has no urge to feed the poor.

-Woe to those who pray but are heedless in their prayer; who make a show of piety and give no alms to the destitute! (Maun, 1-7) (169)

(169) See Ascension in Man

__________________________________________________________

SOURCES

Kur’an-i Hakim ve Meal-i Kerim

(Hasan Basri Çantay)

Kur’an-ı Kerim ve Yüce Meali

(Prof. Dr. Süleyman Ateş)

İncil

(Çağdaş Yeni Çeviri, 1988-İstanbul)

Kitab-ı Mukaddes

Seyyid Abdülkadir Geylani

Sırrül Esrar, trans. by A. Akçiçek, Rahmet Publications.

1964 - İst.

Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir Karahan

Müslümanlığın Temel Bilgileri, 1986 - İst.

Ajluni, İsmail b. Muhammed

Keşfu’l Hafa, Beyrut - 1351/1952

Ahmed b. Hanbel

Müsned

Aliyyül Kari

Mevzuat ül Kübra

Encyclopedias

Beşyüz Hadis

Ö. Nasuhi Bilmen

Binbir Hadis

Şemseddin Yeşil, 1983 - İst.

Buhari, Ebu Muhammaed B. İsmail

Tecrid-i Sarih trans. by Diy, İşl. Bşk. Publ.

Hz. Peygamberin Dilinden Dört Halifesi

Trans. by A. Fikri Yavuz. Sönmez Publ. 1981-İst.

Abu’l Ala El Mevdudi

Hilafet ve Saltanat, Hilal Publ. Istanbul

İhya-u Ulumi’d Din

Gazali, vol. 1-4 Bedir Publ. 1974 - İst.

Gazzali

El Minkuzu Min Ed Dalal, MEB Publ.

Ibn Mace

Es-Sünen

İslam Tarihi, Hz. Muhammed ve İslamiyet

M. Asım Köksal, vol.1-12 İst.

250 Hadis

A. Himmet Berki, Diy. İşl. Bşk. Publ.

40 Hadith

Sadreddin Konevi, Trans. by Harun Ünal, Vahdet Publ. 1984-İst.

Kudsi Hadisler

Vol.1-2 trans. by Ahmet Varol, Madve Publ. 1991 - İst.

Hz. Muhammad and the Glorious Koran

By Lord John Davenport, trans. by M.S.S.P. Arar Publ. Ankara University Publication House, 1967-Ankara

Ebu’l Hasan En Nedvi

Kur’an’da Adı Geçen Peygamberlerin Hayatı

Petek Publ.- Istanbul

M. Asim Köksal

Islam Tarihi, Hz. Muhammed ve İslamiyet vol.1-12

M. Abu Zehra

Abu Hanife-Üç Dal Publication, 1966-Istanbul

Malik b. Enes

Muvatta, vol. 1-2 1982 - İst.

Mevlana, Celaladin-i Rumi

Mesnevi vol.1-6 M.E.B. Publ.

Mustafa Yağmurlu

Hz. Ali, Beyan Yayınları, 1984-İstanbul

Necmüddin Kübra

Tasavvufi Hayat, trans. by Mustafa Kara, Dergah Yayınlari, 1980-İstanbul

Nevevi

Riyazü’s Salihin, Bedir Publ. 1974 - İst.

Sahih-i Müslüm

Trans. by M. Sofuoğlu, İrfan Publ. 1970-İst.

Şemseddin Yeşil

Binbir Hadis

Tac Tercümesi

Bekir Sadak, vol.1-3, 1973-İst.

Taftazani

Kelam İlminin Belli Başlı Meseleleri, trans. by Ş. Gölcük, Kayıhan Pub.

Tirmizi

Riyazüs Salihin, Diy. İşl. Bşk. Ya.

Seyyid Kutub

İslam’da Sosyal Adalet, vol.1, 2- Cağaloğlu Publ. İstanbul

Suyuti, Celaleddin

Camiussağir, Abdullah Aydın, 1977- İst.

Şah Veliyullah Dehlevi

El Fevzul Kebir fi Usuli’t Tefsir, trans. by Mehmet Sofuoğlu

Çağrı Publ. 1978 - İst.

Y. Nuri Öztürk

Kendi Sözleriyle Hz. Muhammed,

Yeni Boyut Publ. 1990 - İst.

THE LIST OF THE BOOKS WRITTEN BY THE WRITER AND PUBLISHED IN TÜRKİYE

1- Varlık (Existence) 1974 İstanbul

2- İslâm'da Mezhepler ve Yükseliş (Religious Sects in Islam and Ascending) 1988 İzmir

3- Günahsızlar (The Sinless) 1992 Malatya

4- İnsanda Yükselme (Ascension in Man) 1992 Malatya

5- Muhammad-İsa-Adem (Muhammad-Jesus-Adam) 1993 Malatya

6- İslâm'da Şeriat ve Tarikat (Shariat and Tariqat in Islam) 1996 Alanya

7- İslâm Ekonomisi (Islamic Economy) 1997 Malatya

WRITTEN BY KAZIM YARDIMCI

TRANSLATED BY H. NALAN ŞEHİRLİOĞLU